1. The War of 1812 8th Grade US History

2. 2 Table of Contents 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Major Battles of the War of 1812 Unit Objectives Causes of the War of 1812 President Madison’s War Message The Three Theaters of Operation How Did You Feel? “And the Rockets Red Glare” The Star Spangled Banner Weapons Used in the War of 1812 Tecumseh Andrew Jackson The Battle of New Orleans Dolley Madison Review Questions President James Madison

3. 3 Unit Objectives  Learn about the causes of the war  Learn about the key battles  Understand the importance of the flag and the star spangled banner  Learn about the key figures in the war  After learning about the war, predict the results of the war.

4. 4 Causes of the War American Expansionism Violation of American Rights American Economic Motivations

5. 5 President James Madison  Madison faced numerous problems throughout the war  A divided Cabinet  Incompetent generals  Militia who refused to fight outside their states  Lack of support  Threat of Secession of New England

6. 6 President Madison’s War Message “British cruisers have been in the continued practice of violating the American flag on the great highway of nations, and of seizing and carrying off persons sailing under it, not in the exercise of a belligerent right founded on the law of nations against an enemy, but of a municipal prerogative over British subjects....Under pretended blockades, without the presence of an adequate force and sometimes without the practicability of applying one, our commerce has been plundered in every sea, the great staples of our country have been cut off from their legitimate markets, and a destructive blow aimed at our agricultural and maritime interests.... In reviewing the conduct of Great Britain toward the United States our attention is necessarily drawn to the warfare just renewed by the savages on one of our extensive frontiers--a warfare which is known to spare neither age nor sex and to be distinguished by features peculiarly shocking to humanity.” http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/historyonline/us10.cfm

7. 7 The Three Theaters of Operation The Great Lakes And the Canadian Frontier The Atlantic Ocean The Southern States

8. 8 Major Battles in the War of 1812 US Declares war Battle of Lake Erie Hull Invades Canada Creeks Attacked by Jackson Essex Defeats Alert Battle of Thames Constitution Defeats Guerriere Battle of Cryslers Farm Battle of Queenston Ft Niagara Captured USS United States vs. HMS Macedonia USS Constitution defeats three vessels Battle of Raisin River Battle of Horseshoe bend Hornet vs. Peacock USS Wasp Captures ten ships York Captured The Battle of Chippewa Fort Meigs withstands Siege Battle of Lundy’s Lane Sacketts Harbor attacked Washington Burned Fort George Captured Battle of Lake Champlain USS Chesapeake vs. HMS Shannon Battle of Baltimore USS President defeats British vessels Wasp vs. Bacchus Fort Stephenson defeated Creeks attack Fort Mims USS Enterprise vs. HMS Boxer Treaty of Ghent Battle of New Orleans

9. 9 How Did You Feel?  On September 11, 2001, terrorists targeted our country destroying important buildings and killing many.  What feelings do you have when you see these images and video?

10. 10 “And the Rockets Red Glare”  The Flag survived the British bombardment of Fort McHenry.  Francis Scott Key was aboard a British ship during the fight.  In the morning Key could easily see the flag still flying and wrote his feelings.  Tune of an old English drinking song.  The song became the national anthem on March 3, 1931.

11. 11 The Star Spangled Banner  Sewn by Mary Pickersgill  30 by 42 feet long  Each star is about 2 feet in diameter  Each stripe is 24 inches wide  Mary was paid $405.90  It began its display at Fort McHenry in 1813  British bomb ships hurled high trajectory bomb shells at the fort on September 14, 1814.  The flag is now displayed at the Smithsonian Institute in Washington DC

12. 12 Weapons used in the War of 1812

13. 13 Tecumseh  Tecumseh sided with the British.  Thought of as a prophet  Leader of Shawnee Indians  Killed in the Battle of the Thames  Honored in Canada as a war hero and commander  Tecumseh's Teachings Tecumseh's Teachings

14. 14 Andrew Jackson  His nickname is Old Hickory  Commanded in the Campaign against the Creek Indians  He led his 4,000 militia to victory in the Battle of New Orleans against the British and their 12,000 troops in 1815  He became a war hero, which helped him later to be elected president  His victory in New Orleans led the Americans to believe they had won the war

15. 15 The Battle of New Orleans  Took place after the war was officially over  The British sent between 11,000 and 14,500 troops  The Americans had between 3,500 and 5,000 soldiers  The British had over 2,000 causalities  The Americans, led by Andrew Jackson, lost only 71 men  On January 8, 1815, the British retreated

16. 16 Dolley Madison  One of the best known first ladies in American History  Her real name is Dorthea  She was widowed by her first husband in 1790  She married James Madison in 1794. He was 17 years older than she. They never had any children together.  When the White House was burned in 1814, she rescued an important portrait of George Washington.

17. 17 Review Questions  Who wrote the Star Spangled Banner?  What are three causes of the war?  What was the name of the Indian Prophet?  What Battle took place after the war had been ended by the Treaty of Ghent?  Who saved a portrait of George Washington from being burned in the White House?  Francis Scott Key  American Expansionism, Violation of American Rights, American Economic Motivations.  Tecumseh  The Battle of New Orleans  Dolley Madison

18. 18 References  Andrew Jackson. Wilkipedia the free encyclopedia. Retrieved May 31, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_jacksonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_jackson  Battle of New Orleans. Wilkipedia the free encyclopedia. Retrieved May 31, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_new_orleanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_new_orleans  Dolley Madison. Wilkipedia the free encyclopedia. Retrieved May 31, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolley_Madison http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolley_Madison  Star-Spangled banner. Retrieved May 31, 2007 from http://www.150.si.edu/chap3/flag.htm http://www.150.si.edu/chap3/flag.htm  Star-spangled banner and the war of 1812. Encyclopedia Smithsonian. Retrieved May 31, 2007 from http://www.si.edu/Encyclopedia_SI/nmah/starflag.htm http://www.si.edu/Encyclopedia_SI/nmah/starflag.htm  Tecumseh. Wilkipedia the free encyclopedia. Retrieved May 31, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecumseh http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecumseh  War of 1812: Interpreting primary sources. Digital history. Retrieved may 31, 2007 from http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/historyonline/us10.cfmhttp://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/historyonline/us10.cfm  War of 1812. Wilkipedia the free encyclopedia. Retrieved May 31, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_of_1812 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_of_1812  War of 1812-1814: Weapons of the war. Retrieved May 31, 2007 from http://members.tripod.com/war1812/weapons.html http://members.tripod.com/war1812/weapons.html