1. Rural Development Council, October 2009 The Climate Change (Scotland) Act – A Framework for a Low Carbon Scotland Philip Wright, Deputy Director, Scottish Government

2. Overview UK Climate Change Act 2008 Climate Change (Scotland) Act 2009 Adaptation Delivery of emission reduction targets

3. UK Climate Change Act 2008 80% greenhouse gas emissions reduction by 2050 Carbon budgets – 2008-22, 34% or 42% (linked to EU-level target increasing from 20% to 30%) Committee on Climate Change Enabling power for trading schemes Adaptation No country shares or mechanisms prescribed

4. Climate Change (Scotland) Act 2009 Climate Change (Scotland) Bill passed by the Scottish Parliament on 24 June 2009. Received Royal Assent and became an Act on 4 August. 2050 target – reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 80% 2020 target - currently set at 42% with a power to change based on expert advice from UK Committee on Climate Change. Summary

5. Climate Change (Scotland) Act 2009 Targets will include Scotland’s share of international aviation and international shipping emissions. Statutory framework of annual targets set in secondary legislation. Annual targets will be set in batches at least 12 years in advance (except first batch). First annual targets (2010 – 2022) required by 1 June 2010. Targets

6. Climate Change (Scotland) Act 2009 Annual targets to be based on expert advice from UK Committee on Climate Change. Future – the Act enables the designation of a Scottish advisory body (Scottish Committee on Climate Change) or enhanced Scottish public body. Limits on the use of carbon credits. Section 8 – domestic effort target Section 21 – limits for specific years Scottish Ministers committed to delivering emissions reductions in Scotland.

7. Climate Change (Scotland) Act Part 5 Adaptation to climate change Land use strategy (2011), muirburn, forestry Action plan for promotion of energy efficiency Action plan for promotion of renewable heat Energy performance of non-domestic buildings Energy performance of living accommodation Climate change burdens Tenement Management Scheme Permitted development rights – non domestic and domestic Development plans Promotion of water conservation and water-use efficiency Scottish civil estate – procurement and annual reporting Waste reduction and recycling. Part 6 Public engagement strategy Assessment of the GHG impact of the Scottish budget What else is in the Act?

8. Adaptation UK Act Risk Assessment Scottish Act reports Climate Change Adaptation Framework

9. Source: SNIFFER A Handbook of Climate Trends Across Scotland Scottish climate is already changing Since 1961… Temperatures have risen in every season Become 20% wetter Growing season earlier and longer 25% fewer days of frost Snow season has shortened

10. By the 2050s… If emissions continue at their present rate: Eastern Scotland Northern Scotland Western Scotland Summer average Temperature + 2.3ºC+ 2.0ºC+ 2.4ºC Winter average temperature + 1.7ºC + 1.9ºC Summer precipitation - 12%- 10%- 12% Winter precipitation + 10%+ 13%+ 15%

11. Why is 2°C bad? Increased risks of eg: Water shortage Flooding Rising sea levels Diseases Warming not shared evenly – some countries warm more than others Dr Rajendra K Pachauri, IPCC Chair, Copenhagen, March 2009

12. By the 2080s… If emissions continue at their present rate: Eastern Scotland Northern Scotland Western Scotland Summer average Temperature + 3.5ºC+ 3.0ºC+ 3.5ºC Winter average temperature + 2.3ºC+ 2.2ºC+ 2.6ºC Summer precipitation - 16%- 11%- 15% Winter precipitation + 12%+ 17%+ 21%

13. Climate Change Delivery Plan

14. Published on 17 June, before Bill passed Measures to meet 34% and 42% Interim targets then proposed Transformational measures to set Scotland on path to 2050 Bridge to detailed, statutory Report on Proposals and Policies Climate Change Delivery Plan

15. Scotland’s emissions: Past 70 MtCO2e in 1990 58 MtCO2e in 2006………. - 17MtCO2e on 2006 Future 41 MtCO2e in 2020……….. - 44MtCO2e on 2006 14 MtCO2e in 2050 (Including international aviation and shipping and EU ETS) Scotland’s Emissions

16. The challenge for all parts of Scottish life Total net GHG emissions in 2007 were 81% of base year emissions Land Use, Land Use Change & Forestry - need to fall to 20% by 2050 How will we choose what to use fossil fuels for in 2050? 20072050 Agriculture Energy Supply Transport Business (incl. industrial processes) Residential Public Waste International Aviation International Shipping

17. What this means by sector?

18. Transformational Outcomes Decarbonised electricity generation sector by 2030 Decarbonised heat sector by 2050 with significant progress by 2030 Almost complete decarbonisation of road transport by 2050 with significant progress by 2030 Comprehensive approach to ensure that carbon is fully factored into decisions about rural land use

19. Agriculture, land use and forestry 34% world Improvement in livestock genetics Best practice in nutrient management regimes Further development of anaerobic digestion Protecting high carbon soils Afforestation of 10 000ha/yr 42% world Higher uptake of all of the above Likely to be through regulation Afforestation of 15 000ha/yr Transformational outcomes Fully incorporate carbon (incl. the cost of carbon) into land use decision making

20. A challenge but also opportunities.. Economic opportunities in: Renewable energy Carbon Capture and Storage Energy efficiency products and services Low carbon technologies Stern – doing nothing and suffering the consequences of irreversible climate change is much more expensive than tackling emissions

21. Thank you More information available at: www.scotland.gov.uk/climatechange