2. Types of Influences Many factors influence daily financial decisions – Age – Household size – Interest rates – Inflation Three primary elements – Life situation – Personal Values – Economic factors

3. Life Situation and Personal Values People in their 20s spend money differently than people in their 50s Life situation and/or lifestyle created by a combination of factors As society changes, financial needs evolve – People marry later in life – Two income households – Two million women care for dependent children and their own parents – 80% of Americans will live past age 65

4. The Adult Life Cycle Age 18-2445-54 25-3455-64 35-4465+ Employment Situation Full time studentFull time employment or volunteer work Not employedPart-time employment or volunteer work Marital Status SingleSeparated/Divorced MarriedWidowed Number and Age of Household Members No other household membersCollege students Preschool childrenDependant adults Elementary/secondary age Non-dependant adults The stages in the family situation and financial needs of an adult

5. Defined by Values What are values? – Ideas and principles you consider correct, desirable, important Have direct influence on: – Spending decisions – College/career choices – Lifestyle choices

6. Economic Factors What is economics? – The study of how wealth is created and distributed Includes various institutions – Business – Labor – Government Working together to satisfy our needs and wants

7. Economic Conditions Personal financial decisions influenced by: – Consumer prices – Consumer spending – Interest rates

8. Consumer Prices Inflation – Rise in general level of prices – Buying power of dollar decreases – Increase in demand without comparable increase in supply Most harmful to those living on fixed incomes Also adversely affects money lenders – Interest rates rise during high inflation 50s-60s: 1-3% 70s-early 80s: 10-12% – At 12% inflation prices double in about 6 years

9. Consumer Spending Total demand for goods and services influences – employment opportunities – potential for income Increased spending creates more jobs, higher wages Also increases interest rates and prices

10. Interest Rates Represents the cost of money When consumer savings and investing increase the supply of money, interest rates decrease As demand for money increases, interest rates rise Interest rates affect financial planning – Earnings reflect current interest rates

11. Opportunity Cost and Time Value of Money Opportunity Costs Financial Acquisitions Insurance coverage, retirement fund Investments Auto, home, college education Financial (interest, liquidity, safety) Personal (time, effort, health) You always give up something when you make choices Constantly making choices among financial decisions Must consider the time value of money – The increase in an amount of money as a result of interest earned

12. Opportunity Cost In Financial Decisions Setting aside funds in a savings plan with little or no risk has the opportunity cost of potentially higher returns from a higher risk investment Having extra money withheld from your paycheck in order to receive a tax refund has the opportunity cost of the lost interest the money could earn in a savings account Making adequate deposits in a retirement account an help you avoid the opportunity cost of having inadequate funds later in life.

13. Interest Calculations Amount in Savings Annual Interest Rate Time Period Interest

14. Example $500 on deposit 6% interest 6 months What is the interest earned? $500 x.06 x 6/12 = ?

15. Future Value of a Single Amount What is Future Value (FV)? – The amount to which current savings will increase based on a certain interest rate and a certain time period – FV = Original Amount in Savings + Amount of Interest Earned (Original Amount x Interest Rate x Time Period) – Example: $650 @ 8% for 1 year = FV ??

16. Present Value of a Single Amount Determine the current value of a desired amount for the future Based on certain interest rate and certain time period Present value computations are also known as discounting – Allows you to determine how much to deposit now to obtain a desired total in the future

17. Achieving Financial Goals Components of Personal Financial Planning – Obtaining – Saving – Borrowing – Spending – Managing Risks – Investing – Retirement and Estate Planing

18. Developing a Financial Plan Flexibility is important! What is a financial plan? – A formalized report that summarizes your current financial situation, analyzes your needs, and recommends future financial activities

19. Homework – Part 1 Computing the Time Value of Money Using the time value of money tables, calculate the following: 1.The FV of $450 6 years from now at 7% 2.The FV of $800 saved each year for 10 years at 8% 3.The amount a person would have to deposit today (PV) at 6% interest rate to have $1000 seven years from now 4.The amount a person would have to deposit today to have $2500 ten years from now while earning 8% interest

20. Homework – Part 2 Watch the Super Bowl and evaluate/rate all of the commercials on scale of 1-5 with 5 being the best, 1 being the worst Be prepared to discuss how each of the commercials influences buying decisions and whether or not the commercial would influence your future purchasing decisions Research to see how much money was spent on all the Super Bowl commercials this year. Was it money well spent? Why or why not?