2. 1 Thessalonians 5:23 Now may the God of peace Himself sanctify you completely; and may your whole spirit, soul, and body be preserved blameless at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. Basic Truth: Human beings (souls) are mortal (flesh) and immortal (spirit) Death is the separation of the spirit from the body, Jas 2:26; Eccl 12:7 2

3. A HUMAN BEING IS A SOUL AND A HUMAN BEING HAS A SOUL 3

4. “Soul” Broad Concept with a Wide Range of Usage nephesh (Heb): “Soul refers to any and all manifestations of life, both human and animal, material, mental or emotional, both in the body and out of the body” 1)The person himself, Gen 12:5; Deut 10:22 2)Life that is in the blood, Gen 9:4; Lev 17:11 3)Man’s innermost nature, Psa 103:1; Deut 11:13 4)Man’s life principle or essence, Gen 2:7; 35:18; 1 Kgs 17:21-22 (practically synonymous with “spirit”) 4

5. “Soul” Broad Concept with a Wide Range of Usage psuche (Grk): “seat of the feelings, desires, affections, aversions (our heart, soul, etc.)” Soul is life that lives after death, Matt 10:28; Rev 6:9-10 – Souls = people, Acts 2:41 – Life required (going to die), Luke 12:20 – Soul synonymous with life, Matt 16:26 5

6. “Soul” Broad Concept with a Wide Range of Usage “Soul” in Acts 2:27, 31 is practically the same as “spirit” in Luke 23:46 Materialists (JW’s, Adventists)… – Deny the immortality of the soul – Limit “soul” to the breath of the flesh, so that when we die we cease to exist Adventists believe in “soul sleep” 6

7. “Soul” Broad Concept with a Wide Range of Usage Summary: Man is a soul and has a soul Context must help determine meaning – Man became a living soul, Gen 2:7 Life force, Gen 1:20, 30 – Eli’s heart (nephesh) would be grieved, 1 Sam 2:33 (not his breathing, but his very being) 7

8. THE SPIRIT OF MAN: GIVEN BY GOD Z ECH 12:1; E CCL 12:7 8

9. “Spirit” Variety of Usages OT (rauch): Wind, breath, mind, spirit, Gen 8:1 OT (rauch): Wind, breath, mind, spirit, Gen 8:1 NT (pneuma): Descriptive of deity and humanity (contrasted with flesh), Jno 3:6, 8 NT (pneuma): Descriptive of deity and humanity (contrasted with flesh), Jno 3:6, 8 – God’s nature is spirit, Jno 4:24 Identified with one’s life, individuality and nature (essence) Identified with one’s life, individuality and nature (essence) 9

10. Man is not Spirit, but Man has a Spirit Spirit is given by God and leaves the body at death, Zech 12:1; Jas 2:26 Spirit is given by God and leaves the body at death, Zech 12:1; Jas 2:26 Spirit will exist apart from the body, Acts 7:59; Eccl 12:7; Heb 12:23 Spirit will exist apart from the body, Acts 7:59; Eccl 12:7; Heb 12:23 – Personal identity, knowledge, uniqueness, 1 Cor 2:11 – Mind: Mental and moral qualities (rational, intelligent and conscious) 10

11. DEATH IS THE SEPARATION OF THE SPIRIT FROM THE BODY J AMES 2:26 11

12. Death Ends Fleshly Existence The soul and spirit do not cease to exist, Matt 10:28 (s pirit returns to God, Eccl 12:7) The soul and spirit do not cease to exist, Matt 10:28 (s pirit returns to God, Eccl 12:7) – Hades: Realm of the dead, departed spirits Abraham’s bosom: Comfort and rest (Paradise) Luke 16:22; 23:43 Abraham’s bosom: Comfort and rest (Paradise) Luke 16:22; 23:43 Torments: Anguish without relief, Luke 16:23-24 Torments: Anguish without relief, Luke 16:23-24 Resurrection: Hades will give up the dead, 1 Cor 15:35, 42-44, 50-55 Resurrection: Hades will give up the dead, 1 Cor 15:35, 42-44, 50-55 – New body (glorified, immortal) 12

13. 13 He who called you is faithful, who also will do it.