Download presentation
1
Injuries and the Healing Process
2
Inflammation Injuries Strain Sprain Contusion
3
Open Wounds Tissue is torn Capillaries are damaged Cells Die
Interruption of Blood and 02 Supply
4
Response Specialized Cells Sent to Injured Area
Control Damage to the Area Initiate Blood Clotting Muscle Spasm Splint Area Muscle Spasm to Reduce Blood Flow
5
Signs and Symptoms Pain Swelling Increase Pressure on Nerve Endings
Cells Response to Lack of O2 Swelling Fluid Gathering in Damaged Area Hemorrhage, Lymph and Synovial Fluid Increased Pressure on Nerve Endings Gravity Increased Swelling if Not Elevated Note garden hose filled with water and hit it with a hammer
6
Redness Healing Process Begins Increase in Blood Supply Providing Nutrients for Repair Note: Storm damage-remove debris (circulatory and lymph system
7
First Aid Role Untreated Injury During Inflammation Proper First Aid
Prevent Further Damage Reduce Pain and Stabilize Untreated Injury During Inflammation Prolonged Recovery Time Proper First Aid Assist Body Protection of Further Injury Reduce Risk of Further Injury
8
RICE Rest Ice Compression Elevation
9
Rest Rest the injury to decrease blood flow to the injured area
Rest to reduce the chance of continual stress and re-injury to the injured area Rest to decrease the healing time
10
Ice Injury Stronger Stimulant than pain (override Pain)
Reduce circulation Slow nerve conduction Reduces cells need of oxygen and metabolism
11
Compression Reduces blood flow to the injured area
Start distally and wrap toward the heart Stretch the wrap about 70% Excess pressure does not reduce swelling Actually hampers the healing process
12
Elevation Elevate above the level of the heart
Blood return to the heart is by venous pressure to overcome gravity This allows the body to work less and increase healing
13
Treatment Determined by athletes response to the injury
Bleeding will occur from 1-72 Hours Hemorrhage will increase if Stress on the injury Reoccurrence of mechanism Wrong form of treatment
14
Treatment If heating increases swelling or pain return to cold
Heat to remove material waste from injured area Heat increases local circulation Brings nutrients to the area Absorbs the waste product
15
Do not heat if: Immediately after the injury
Numbness or loss of sensation Over bones with metal pins Sensitive areas such as eyes or genitals
16
Cold Treatment Procedures
Gel cold pack Instant cold pack Ice bag Ice massage Ice water immersion Cold whirlpool
17
Cold gel pack Do not apply directly to the skin
Place ice on injury not injury on ice Treatment time 15 minutes
18
Instant cold packs Expensive Lack coldness Convenient
Treatment time 15 minutes
19
Ice Bag Plastic bag Wet towel Inexpensive Availability
Treatment time 15 minutes
20
Ice Massage Used most often with chronic injuries
Move ice continuously to prevent frostbite Treatment time 3-15 minutes
21
Ice Water Immersion Temperature 32-40 Degrees Surrounds the injury
Equal reduction in temperature of the body part Ice until numb
22
Cold whirlpool Temperature 55-65 degrees
Provides cold as well as massage Treatment time minutes
23
Hot treatment procedures
Hydrocollator (Hot) Pack Hot whirlpool Massage
24
Hydrocollator Pack Use towels to insulate Temperature is 170 degrees
25
Hot Whirlpool Temperature 101-106 degrees for full body submersion
Temperature can be 110 degrees for an extremity Massage by air jets
26
Massage Friction increases temperature and circulation Relaxes muscles
When reducing swelling work toward the heart for Western Style and away from the heart for Oriental Style
27
Contrast Bath Combination of heat and cold treatment
Start in cold end in cold Provides a pumping action through the constriction and dilation of the blood vessels Removes the waste product
28
Rehabilitation Goal To return the athlete to competition as soon as possible without further risk of injury Return the athlete to pre-injury flexibility, strength and endurance Prevent deconditioning of the rest of the body
29
Common Athletic Injuries
Sprains Strains Contusions Open wounds Laceration Puncture Fractures Stress Fractures Dislocations Subluxations
30
Sprains A joint is forced beyond its normal limits
Joint forced in an abnormal direction 1st Degree: Stretched 2nd Degree: Stretched or slightly torn ligament 3rd Degree: Ligament completely torn X-Ray to rule out fracture Rehab before returning Surgery for 3rd degree
31
Strain Causes 1st Degree stretch of the muscle Overuse Overstretch
Overload Strength imbalance between muscle groups 1st Degree stretch of the muscle Little or no disability Little or no loss of function Little or no loss of ROM
32
Strain (Cont.) 2nd Degree stretch or slight tear of the muscle
Loss of Strength Loss of function Loss of ROM 3rd degree complete tear of the muscle Total loss of function
33
2nd and 3rd degree strains should be examined by a Physician
Strain (Cont.) 2nd and 3rd degree strains should be examined by a Physician
34
Contusion A bruising of the soft tissue
Blood vessels broken- internal hemorrhage Hemorrhage and leakage of cellular fluids Swelling and internal pressure Discoloration Untreated or unprotected=Myositis Ossificans Myositis ossificans calcium formation in the soft tissue RICE and donut pad
35
Open Wounds Abrasion Laceration Puncture Incision
36
Abrasion Friction burns and scrapes
Scrape skin from the body leaving an open wound Clean with soap and water Remove all dirt and debris Germicide to stop bleeding and prevent infection Watch for signs of infection
37
Laceration or Incision
Stop bleeding by direct pressure and elevation Clean area of dirt and debris Determine if stitches are needed Watch for signs of infection
38
Puncture wounds Infection injected into the blood stream
Seals in infection as they occur Clean area Watch for infection Tetanus shot
39
Fractures Pain and swelling Deformity Crepitation
Open or closed (simple or compound)
40
Stress Fracture Overuse Develop slowly
Do not always appear as a fracture
41
Dislocation Subluxation= a dislocation that resets itself
Separation= separation of two immovable bones Separation of bones Stretch or tear of ligaments Fracture may be present
42
Signs of infection 2-7 days after injury Red swollen and tender
Mild fever or head ache Swollen lymph gland (neck, arm pit, or groin) Red streaks in the veins
Similar presentations
© 2025 SlidePlayer.com Inc.
All rights reserved.