1. Jeff Wilson Director, WMO Education and Training Office
Revision of WMO No. 258 and its implications, with emphasis on Aeronautical Meteorology
Jeff Wilson
Director,
WMO Education and Training Office

2. Linked but separate issues
Revision of WMO No. 258 and its implications, with emphasis on Aeronautical Meteorology
Linked
but
separate issues

3. Key Issues for Congress
1. Should the background knowledge, skills and behaviours of aviation meteorological forecasters be linked to:
Classifications – ie Meteorologist
Qualifications – successful completion of BIP-M
Other / none
2. Should the Meteorologist definition explicitly specify degree / degree-level or not

4. Replacement to 4th ed of WMO 258
EC-LXII. Paras to
Classifications &
Qualifications
Trainer
competencies
Domain specific
Competencies – aviation
Marine ….

5. Congress –XVI will discuss two documents
Revision of ETR Chapter in the Technical Regulations incorporating
Revision of Meteorologist and Met. Tech definitions
Revision of the Basic Instruction Packages
“Guidelines to the implementation of the WMO ETR Standards”

6. Key drivers for change
Introduction of QMS Ambiguity of Standards referring to guidelines ICAO recognition that Aeronautical Meteorological Forecasters are specialist forecasters Update cycle of mandatory publications Recognition of need for education and training

7. Underpinning foundations
The preferred route for someone to become a Meteorologist is via a degree
Role of Aeronautical Meteorological Forecasters (AMF) has changed and will continue to change
AMFs are not second-class forecasters

8. Underpinning foundations
4) Diversity of the WMO community requires a flexible global approach, allowing individual Members to set higher national/regional requirements 5) Focus is on the quality of the meteorological training, not the initial degree 6) Flexible education and training allows us to set “degree-level” requirements

9. Benefits for NMHSs
Flexibility in recruitment practices according to national needs and circumstances Clarification on minimum education and training requirements for staff More guidance to training institutes through focusing on outcomes

10. Impacts on NMHSs
NMHS provides meteorological services to international civil aviation No
Yes
Little, as only international regulation is in civil aviation
By end of November 2016 all aeronautical meteorological forecasters must be Meteorologists (1)
(1) For Members using assistant forecasters this can be interpreted as requiring that the person who approves the forecast must be a Meteorologist.

11. Time-lines QMS approved QMS compulsory 258 4th ed. introduced EC-LXII
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
258 4th ed.
introduced
EC-LXII
Approve
competencies
Meterologist qualification compulsory for AMFs
Implementation date of 1 Jan 2005
Cg-XVI decision on Meteorologist definition
Competencies
Compulsory for AMF and AMO

13. Classifications and qualifications in a nut-shell

14. Comparison 4th ed 258 Proposed draft Classifications Definitions BIP-M
Meteorologist / Meteorological Technician
Definitions
Meteorologist – a person who holds a university-level degree or equivalent; has acquired an appropriate level of knowledge of mathematics, physics, chemistry and computer science, and has completed the Basic Instruction Package for Meteorologists (BIP-M)
Meteorological Technician – a person who has completed the Basic Instruction Package for Meteorological Technicians (BIP-MT)
Meteorologist – a person who has successfully completed the Basic Instruction Package for Meteorologists (BIP-M) requirements.
Meteorological Technician – a person who has successfully completed the Basic Instruction Package for Meteorological Technicians (BIP-MT) requirements.
BIP-M
Entry level
Finish level
Description
Undergraduate / post graduate
Degree or equivalent
Syllabus based
At discretion of PR, degree recommended
At degree level
Learning outcome based
BIP-MT
Post Secondary
“Or equivalent”
Not defined
Not used. Guidance provided for Permanent Representatives and training institutes on what to look for in courses that claim that they deliver BIP-M outcomes at the degree level.

15. Desired Congress outcome
Prior to May 2011
After May 2011
Classifications
Guidance only
Standards
Basic Instruction Packages

16. Updated chapter in Technical Regulations
Clarifies the definition of ‘Meteorologist’
Specifies the Basic Instruction Package for Meteorologists (BIP-M) in terms of learning outcomes
Recognises that the BIP-M requirements can be met in several ways
Removes links between jobs and the classification of personnel

17. Meteorologist Definition
4th Edition A person who holds a university-level degree or equivalent; has acquired an appropriate level of knowledge of mathematics, physics, chemistry and computer science, and has completed the Basic Instruction Package for Meteorologists (BIP-M) Proposed A person has successfully completed the Basic Instruction Package for Meteorologist requirements (at university degree-level)

18. Degree-level – what does it mean?
Demonstrate systematic understanding of their field of study; Accurately deploy established techniques of analysis and enquiry used in their field of study, and apply the learnt methods and techniques to review, consolidate, extend and apply their knowledge and understanding; Use conceptual understanding that allows arguments to be devised and sustained and apply the understanding to the solving of problems in their field of study; Critically evaluate arguments, assumptions, abstract concepts and data whilst taking into account the uncertainty, ambiguity and limits of knowledge of their field of study; Communicate information, ideas, problems and solutions about their field of study to both specialist and non-specialist audiences. acquire transferrable skills :team-work, the management of their own learning, exercise of initiative and personal responsibility, and the ability to make decisions in complex and unpredictable contexts.

19. Basic Instruction Package for Meteorologist – core requirements
Physical meteorology, including air quality and observing technology
Dynamic meteorology, including Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP)
Synoptic meteorology, including mesoscale meteorology and weather prediction
Climatology, including both the traditional statistical description and the modern dynamical study and interpretation of the climate, as well as climate prediction

20. BIP-M, learning outcome example
Weather analysis and forecasting
To understand the way in which weather is analysed and forecast, with emphasis on the formation and use of an NWP system.
Learning outcomes – able to:
Synoptic analysis. Analyse and interpret synoptic charts (e.g. surface pressure, upper-air and thickness charts), soundings plotted on a thermodynamic diagram, and the main features in satellite and radar images, and describe the limitations of the observations used in the analyses.
Local weather. Understand how orography and large bodies of water affect local weather (e.g. cloud and precipitation).
Types of forecasting methods. Explain the advantages of disadvantages of preparing forecasts based on persistence, extrapolation, analogues, and numerical weather prediction (NWP), and describe the role of the forecaster.
……..
…..

21. Frequently asked questions
Is the proposed definition of Meteorologist less demanding than the current version? No. The proposed definition still requires completion of the Basic Instruction Package for Meteorologists (BIP-M), though this is now specified in terms of learning outcomes. The learning outcomes are at least as rigorous and demanding as those for many existing meteorology degree programmes of Members. In future, when individuals complete a meteorology degree, there will need to be evidence that the scope of the degree meets all of the BIP-M requirements if they are to be recognized as a Meteorologist.

22. Frequently asked questions
What role do Permanent Representatives have in defining the academic qualifications required by Meteorologists? Permanent Representatives are expected to take the lead in consulting with the appropriate national and regional bodies to define the academic qualifications required by Meteorologists in their country.

23. Frequently asked questions
If a programme of study covering the BIP-M requirements is not conducted at a university, how will the programme be endorsed? A programme of study will be endorsed by the educational institution or NMHS. Such a practice already commonly occurs for the education and training of Meteorological Technicians. Guidance is provided for Members on what to look for in such a programme and how they can undertake duty of care to see the description is correct.

24. Where can I find the documents?At
FAQs
Draft changes to Tech. Regs
Draft Guidelines
In all WMO languages

25. Summary of proposed changes
Build upon the contents of the 4th edition of WMO publication 258
Maintain quality
Provide more consistency in application
Allow PRs flexibility in selection of staff and entry requirements
Remove ambiguities of Standards referring to Guidelines

26. Aeronuatical Meteorology classifications qualifications and competencies

27. Aeronautical Meteorological Personnel
Aeronautical Meteorological Forecasters
Shall meet competency requirements by November 2013 (specified by CAeM)
Shall meet BIP-M related requirements by November 2016 (CAeM-XIV 2010 endorsed by EC-LXII 2010)
Aeronautical Meteorological Observers

28. Impact on AMF if WMO Technical Regulations ARE changed
Prior to May 2011
After May 2011
After 1 Dec 2013
After 1 Dec 2016
Legal framework impacting matters such as cost recovery
Unclear
Much clearer
Classification of AMFs
Conflicting information in 4th edition of WMO 258. Commonly interpreted as AMF should be a Meteorologist to undertake independent forecasting
Degree requirement is national decision but all AMFs should be classified as Meteorologists (CAeM-XIV 2010)
Degree requirement is national decision but all AMFs shall be classified as Meteorologists (CAeM-XIV 2010)
Competence Standards (CAeM-XIV 2010)
All international Air Navigation Meteorological Service Providers should be able to demonstrate that their AMFs meet the competence Standards
All international Air Navigation Meteorological Service Providers should be able to demonstrate that their AMFs meet the competence Standards
All international Air Navigation Meteorological Service Providers shall be able to demonstrate that their AMFs meet the competence Standards

29. Impact on AMF if WMO Technical Regulations are NOT changed
Prior to May 2011
After May 2011
After 1 Dec 2013
After 1 Dec 2016
Legal Framework impacting matters such as cost recovery
Unclear
Classification of AMFs
Conflicting information in 4th edition of WMO 258. Commonly interpreted as Meteorologists to undertake independent forecasting and that Meteorologists require a degree ‘or equivalent’
All AMFs shall be Meteorologists
AMF Competence Standards (CAeM-XIV 2010)
All international Air Navigation Meteorological Service Providers should be able to demonstrate that their AMFs meet the competence standards
All international Air Navigation Meteorological Service Providers shall be able to demonstrate that their AMFs meet the competence standards

30. Describe and elaborate on the standards
Competency Hierachy
Top-level Competencies
WMO 49 Vol 1 Standards
Second-level Competencies
Describe and elaborate on the standards
National Competencies
Use examples of the second level to adapt the top-level competencies to suit the national situation

31. Blank slide

32. Top-level competencies for Aeronautical Meteorological Personnel
Apply to Aeronautical Meteorological Forecasters (AMFs) and Aeronautical Meteorological Observers (AMOs)
Developed by the Commission for Aeronautical Meteorology (CAeM)
Endorsed by CAeM-XIV (2010)
Approved by the Executive Council in June 2010
To be included as Annex to WMO-No. 49, Volume 1 Technical Regulations

33. Top-level competencies Conditions
For the area and airspace of responsibility
In consideration of the impact of meteorological phenomena on aviation operations
In compliance with aviation user requirements, international regulations, local procedures and priorities

34. Aeronautical Meteorological Forecaster
An Aeronautical Meteorological Forecaster should1 be a Meteorologist and shall:
1shall from December 2016

35. Aeronautical Meteorological Forecaster Top Level Competencies
Analyse and monitor continuously the weather situation
Forecast aeronautical meteorological phenomena and parameters
Warn of hazardous weather
Ensure the quality of meteorological information and services
Communicate meteorological information to internal and external users

36. Second-level competence descriptions
Developed by the CAeM Expert Team on Education and Training –
To assist with mapping of local/national practices to the top level competence Standards
Competence description and performance criteria
Regional variations (e.g. range of weather phenomena, regional regulations and communications technology)
Background knowledge and skills

37. AMP Competence Standards - Assessment Challenges
Mapping of national practices to aeronautical MET personnel competence Standards
Consistent quality (and quantity) of assessment processes/methods
Assessors
Evidence
Auditors
Assessor Training
Ownership of process(es).

38. Competence Assessment Toolkit (CAT) for Aeronautical Meteorological Personnel
Being prepared by the CAeM Task Team on the Competency Assessment Toolkit
The toolkit contains guidance on:
Experiential questions
Test questions
Direct observation
Classroom or paper simulation
Case study

39. Who does the assessing?
The assessment is performed primarily through self-regulation
It is expected that service providers will be able to provide evidence that:
Individuals satisfy the competency requirements
Assessment is consistent and transparent
Local/national competencies match to the second level competencies and then upward to the top level standards.

40. What next for the CAT?
Tested at the UK Aviation Seminar (Nairobi) in September 2010
Modified following the WMO Education and Training Symposium (Indonesia) in October
Further workshops and pilot projects during 2011 and 2012
Available to all WMO Members in 2011
Used to ensure mandatory compliance WMO-No. 49 competence Standards by November 2013

41. Replacement of WMO No. 258 EC Panel of Experts Technical Commissions
Classification and qualifications of meteorological personnel
Guidance on the training process
Technical Commissions
Competencies and associated education and training requirements for particular tasks

42. Over to you!!!

43. Guess at feedback from RA III / IV TECO – majority view?
Meteorologists MUST have a degree and have completed the BIP-M at the minimum of undergraduate level Aeronautical Meteorological Forecasters do NOT need to be classified as Meteorologists By 1 December 2016 all aeronautical meteorological forecasters MUST have completed the BIP-M