1. The Inca & Peru

2. Inca Empire 4000 Miles North to South Largest native state in the Western Hemisphere Ancestor Worship No written language Social levels Multi-ethnic Agricultural and architectural achievements

3. Warriors with a strong and powerful army Because of the fierceness of their army and their hierarchical organization, they became the largest Native American society Conquered neighboring groups first, then spread to others throughout the Andes region Inca Empire

4. Inca Construction Inca built much more than temples and palaces and other buildings –Almost 10,000 miles of roads –Large rope suspension bridges to cross rivers –Aqueducts to move water for irrigation

5. Inca Engineering

6. Machu Picchu

7. Built in the 1400’s Discovered in 1911 by Hiram Bingham, a Yale historian Built high in the Andes in classic stone style (without mortar)

8. Machu Picchu There have been several ideas about its purpose, but most widely believed to have been a retreat for Incan rulers Important cultural site because it was not plundered when the Spanish conquered the Inca

9. End of the Inca Francisco Pizarro lead the Spanish expedition that conquered the Inca The Incan leader, Atahualpa, was murdered in 1532 The Spanish were seeking gold and power Effects of Spanish conquest –Large numbers of Natives died due to diseases brought by the explorers –Many Natives were converted to Christianity Francisco Pizarro

10. Modern Peru Government: Presidential Democratic Republic Developing Country Languages: Spanish & Quechua Religion: Catholic Literacy Rate: 91% About the size of Alaska Exports: Fish, gold, copper, zinc, petroleum Agriculture: Coffee, cotton, sugarcane, rice, poultry, fish