1. First ASEAN Statistical Report on MDGs Indicators
Some Findings and Points For Discussion
ASEAN Secretariat Paper
International Conference on MDGs Indicators
Manila, October 2011

2. Outline Background Feasibility Study Objectives of the Report
Features of the Report
General Approach
Preliminary Results
Some Notes
Some Preliminary Findings

3. Background
MDGs, poverty alleviation and narrowing the development as important goals of ASEAN Community building
The 8 goals and 21 targets of the MDGs and the Community goals of ASEAN
Some significant challenges still need to be overcome to fully achieve the MDGs and narrow the development gap

4. Background Under the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community (ASCC):
Joint Declaration on the Attainment of MDGs, 2009.
Roadmap and monitoring and evaluation system
Framework Plan of Action on Rural Development and Poverty Eradication
Work Plan for Primary Education and Gender Equality
Work Plan on the Elimination of Violence against Women
The narrowing development gap

5. Background Strong demand for ASEAN level indicators
support the implementation and monitoring of the Joint Declaration on the attainment of the MDGs, ASCC Blueprint;
very little is available concerning ASEAN level socio-cultural indicators;
demand for absolute value of ASEAN figures on key indicators such as poverty, infant mortality, children with malnutrition, unemployment, etc.
demand for sub-region of ASEAN (CLMV and ASEAN6) to facilitate the narrowing development gap.
reinforce the “we” feeling.

6. Feasibility Study, 2010 Q3 Involving 10 ASEAN Member States Outcomes:
No single country in ASEAN has covered all of the 60 MDGs indicators;
Some indicators have different data sources at the country level, and different definition across countries;
Some data are available only in a few countries;
The reference period and reference population of some data differ across countries;
Some are not disaggregated enough to yield a breakdown by sex, age group, etc.

7. Feasibility Study, 2010 Q3
possible to compile an ASEAN Statistical Report on the MDGs covering a subset of the recommended indicators
For some indicators, meaningful ASEAN aggregates are possible;
Differences in reference year can be approached by using data closest to the reference year;
For some, the missing figures can be addressed by using estimates;
In cases where meaningful comparison is unlikely, the change in level and change in discrepancies can still provide meaningful information

8. Objectives of the Report
to present data on MDGs indicators to facilitate the monitoring of progress of ASEAN Community in meeting its commitments in achieving the millennium development goals
where the ASEAN Community is with regards to the MDG goals and targets
progress by which the ASEAN is moving towards the MDGs

9. Features of the Report a statistical report; as such, it will not:
evaluate policies and programs
provide policy/program analysis/ recommendations
presents:
Tables, charts, maps
progress, disparities, pace of progress, years needed to reach a certain target
ASEAN and sub-ASEAN region
covers: 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010
covers, as a start, 27 agreed indicators
to be updated every 2 years: 2011, 2013, 2015

10. General approach AMSs should be involved in all stages
Any estimates should be done in collaboration with AMSs and get AHSOM endorsement
ASEAN Heads of Statistical Offices Meeting (AHSOM) endorsed in July 2010 the plan to carry out a feasibility study
In December 2010 AHSOM endorsed the workshop’s recommendations including the proposed 27 indicators

11. General Approach
Basic data will come from the official statistics of AMSs
Imputations using linear interpolations will be done to come up with data for the selected years – 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010, as necessary
Imputed values will be subject to review and approval by the AMS
ASEAN aggregate will be based on at least 5 AMSs covering more than 50% of ASEAN population

12. Classification of Progress
For indicators with explicit targets by 2015
Early achiever: already achieved the 2015 target
On track : expected to meet the target by 2015
Slow: expected to meet the target by after 2015
No progress/regressing: stagnating or slipping backwards
For indicators without explicit targets by 2015
Early achiever: trending in the right direction since 1990
On track : showing no change at all over the period
Off track -No progress/regressing: trending in the wrong direction

13. Preliminary Results

14. Full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people
The proportion of employed population increased over time; and in 2010 , 60.8 % population in ASEAN5 are estimated to be employed, with Singapore having the highest proportion.

15. Net Enrollment Ratio in Primary Education
Net enrolment ratio in primary education has generally increased, from 86.9 percent in 1990 to 90.6 percent in 2010.
Myanmar and Thailand showed the greatest advances, significantly narrowing the gap with other ASEAN 5 countries

16. Gender Equality and Empower Women
Girls and boys have almost equal opportunities in attending primary and secondary education, with the boys at a slight advantage.
Girls have more access in Thailand and Myanmar.

17. Seats held by women in national parliament
ASEAN level figure was still les than 15% in 2010, and will be very much affected as more data is available
An indication of strong positive trend, however, is apparent.

18. CLMV continues to lag behind ASEAN6 in reducing infant mortality
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
ASEAN 6 56 46 35 28 19
CLMV 75 55 48 36 29
Ratio of ASEAN 6 to CLMV
0.7
0.8
Both ASEAN 6 and CLMV have successfully reduced mortality rate to lower than half since However, in 2010 both still recorded around or above 20, and CLMV continues to lag behind the ASEAN 6.

19. Infant mortality rate has declined by more than half from1990 to 2010
Despite the progress, there are still an estimated 150,000 children who died before they reached the age of one year old, or about 415 infants die each day in the region.

20. 77 percent of children immunized against measles in 2010
From 59 percent in 1995, the proportion of 1-year old children immunized against measles has gone up to 77 percent

21. ASEAN has significantly reduced the number of births not attended by skilled health personnel since 1990
In 2010, however, 1 out of every 5 births still unattended by skilled health personnel

22. ASEAN has halved Maternal Mortality Ratio since 1990
Despite the progress, 44 women die each day from pregnancy related causes; and progress towards reducing by three quarters the maternal mortality ratio has been slow

23. Disparities in Maternal Mortality Ratio, however, was huge in 2010

24. Efforts to combat malaria and TB have led to dramatic reduction in the incidence of malaria but mild in TB
incidence of malaria has declined from 755 cases per 100,000 population in 1990 to 198 cases per 100,000 population to 2010, but only from 148 to 132 cases per 100,000 population for tuberculosis

25. Disparity was however still extremely high in 2010

26. The loss of forest cover slowed down
The loss of forest cover slowed down. Recent data suggest that reforestation efforts have halted further declines.
The proportion of land area covered by forest has declined by 4 percentage points since 1990, but the loss of forest cover slowed down recently.

27. The target of 69.5 percent for improved sanitation for 2015 has been achieved in 2010!
However, 3 out of every 10 persons in 2010 still do not have access to improved sanitation facility
more than one-third (37%) of the population still do not have access to improved drinking water source (caution: Indonesia’s case, only 44%)

28. Access to new information and communication technologies has been increasing rapidly
There are 83 cellular subscribers for every 100 population in 2010, up from 23 in 2005; and 21 internet users per 100 population in 2010, up from 6 in 2005.
The increase in telephone lines has been slower, from 4 per 100 population in 2000 to 9 in 2010

29. CLMV have caught up with those in ASEAN 6 in the proportion of telephone lines and cellular subscribers
Telephone lines
Cellular subscriber
Internet users
2000
2005
2010
ASEAN 6 5 10 9
CLMVa 2 4
2005
2010
ASEAN 6 29 85
CLMVa 7 77
2005
2010
ASEAN 6a 6 22
CLMVb 5 12
Per 100 population
Does not include Lao PDR
Per 100 population
ASEAN 6 does not include Malaysia and the Phillippines
CLMV does not include Lao PDR
Per 100 population

30. Cellular phone subscribers reached more than 100 in Singapore, Viet Nam, Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam, and Thailand, and above 70 in others except in Myanmar

31. Indication of Pace of Progress in ASEAN (Preliminary)
Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger 
Target
Estimate
for 2010
Progress
Target 1.A: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than one dollar a day
Proportion of population below $1 (PPP) per day x
Proportion of population below the national poverty line 26 19
early achiever
Share of poorest quintile in national consumption
Target 1.B: Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people
Growth rate of GDP per person employed
Employment-to-population ratio
Target 1.C: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger
Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age
17.4
17.3

32. Indication of Pace of Progress (preliminary)
Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education
Target 2.A: Ensure that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling
Net enrolment ratio in primary education
100
90.6
slow
Literacy rate of year-olds, women and men
98.6
on track
Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women
Target 3.A: Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education, preferably by 2005, and in all levels of education no later than 2015
Ratio of girls to boys in primary education
Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education 99
Ratio of girls to boys in tertiary education
off track
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament

33. Indication of Pace of Progress (Preliminary)
Goal 4: Reduce child mortality 
Target
Estimate
for 2010
Progress
Target 4.A: Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate
Under-five mortality rate 33 41
On track
Infant mortality rate 21
24 
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles 77
on track
Goal 5: Improve maternal health 
Target 5.A: Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratio
Maternal mortality ratio 73
146
slow
Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel 78
early achiever
Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
Target 6.C: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases
Incidence of malaria
198
Incidence of tuberculosis
 132
 early achiever

34. Indication of Pace of Progress (Preliminary)
Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability
Target 7.A: Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources
Proportion of land area covered by forest 54
off track
Target 7.C: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation
Proportion of population using an improved drinking water source
77.5 63
slow
Proportion of population using an improved sanitation facility
69.5 70
early achiever
Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development
Target 8.F: In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications
Telephone lines per 100 population 29
Cellular subscribers per 100 population 83
Internet users per 100 population 21

35. Some Notes Not showing a full picture of MDG achievement
In some cases not showing a full picture of ASEAN.
Some figures are subject to change and more indicators will be presented as more data is available.
The same issues of definition as faced by other international organizations remain

36. Some Preliminary Findings
Some countries are catching up very fast with their neighbors.
Some countries have experienced reversals.
Countries that are lagging behind are not always the CLMV countries.
While the ASEAN 6 may be performing better than the CLMV countries in terms of economic performance, this is not usually the case with respect to the MDG indicators.
Disparities among countries are pronounced especially in maternal mortality ratio,…

37. Caution in Interpretation
Different Practices such as in:
Birth attended by skilled health personnel
Slow maternal mortality
Bottled water
Forest cover
Comparability with international estimates
Harmonization of concept and definition

38. THANK YOU