2. The material in this slide show is provided free for educational use only. All other forms of storage or reproduction are subject to copyright- please contact the National Marine Aquarium The slide show was designed and produced for the NMA by STEP, the Science Training & Education Partnership T raining & S cience E ducation P artnership www.national-aquarium.co.uk www.step-up-to-science.com

3. Exploring coral reefs

4. Coral reefs are large rocky structures built by small animals

5. Dave Peake

6. Coral reefs are found in warm tropical waters

7. Coral reefs are colourful habitats There are several different types of coral Many different animals live on coral reefs

8. Different corals have different shapes - lumpy, branching, flat Each coral consists of a chalky skeleton

9. Dave Peake

10. The polyps are like small sea-anemones, joined together to cover the skeleton The coral skeleton is built by small animals called polyps

11. The coral skeleton has a ridged or pitted surface The individual coral polyps are joined together Mouth Tentacle STEP

12. Reefs can grow to be very large Coral reefs grow in shallow water along the coast and around islands

13. Sea level STEP

14. Here, the coral reef continues to grow, forming a ring around the island In some places, the level of the sea has risen

15. Top of the original island - now nearly below sea level Shallow, sandy area between the reef and the island New coral islands form on top of the reef Reef grows upwards as sea level rises STEP

16. There are many more types of animals in coral reefs than in the open ocean nearby Coral reefs are important habitats for many different types of animal

18. There is a huge variety of fishes

20. They also contain plant cells in their bodies. This provides them with another source of food The coral animals - polyps - feed on tiny food particles floating in the water

21. Coral polyps contain plant cells in their bodies Giant clams also contain plant cells

22. Some animals eat the coral

23. Crown-of-thorns starfish sometimes eat enough coral to kill parts of a reef Parrot fish have strong teeth to bite off coral

24. The coral provides a home for many types of animal

25. Moray eels hide in holes in the reef

26. Some remove parasites from other animals Different animals may have complicated relationships

27. Cleaner wrasse removes parasites from other fishes Cleaner shrimp also removes parasites

28. The shape and colour of fishes are linked to their way of life Features of an animal which make it fit for its lifestyle are called adaptations

29. Lion fish have bright warning colours to warn other predators about their poisonous spines

30. Butterfly fish have a ‘false eyespot’ to confuse predators

31. Porcupine fish are slow swimmers They can puff themselves up into a spiny ball

32. You have seen that - Coral reefs are built by small animals called polyps Reefs are found in shallow tropical seas

33. You have seen that - Coral reefs grow in rings around islands Reefs are home to many different types of animal

34. Fishes and other animals have different adaptations to life on the reef Coral polyps, and some other animals on the reef, contain plant cells in their bodies You have seen that -

35. NOTES for USERS The material in this slide show is designed to support the teaching of science at Key Stage 1 A full description of the slide show, and linked activities for students, can be found on the National Marine Aquarium (NMA) web-site: Teachers are free to amend the slide show in whatever way they feel fit, or to use slides in other contexts. However, please note that neither the NMA nor the designers will accept responsibility for modifications, and original material remains copyright of the NMA Individual images used in the slides are copyright of NMA or STEP, except where acknowledged separately The slides have been set up to display as A4 landscape format. If they are incorporated into other slide sequences with different display settings, change in aspect ratio and text location will occur The slide sequence contains the minimum of effects and transitions. However, there are some automated animations, and teachers will wish to make sure that they are familiar with the sequence before use in class Use the PowerPoint notes viewer to obtain additional information for some slides www.justaddh2o.tv www.national-aquarium.co.uk