1. Indigenous Peoples, Poverty and Development Harry Anthony Patrinos World Bank March 2013

2. Motivation Research for Latin America: –Higher poverty rates among indigenous –Little to no improvement in incomes –Improved social indicators No comparative work in other regions Request by UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues

3. Cannot Ignore Indigenous Peoples 5% of global population 10% of poor

4. Indigenous by Country/Region

5. Part I – Core set of indicators

7. Income Poverty Results

8. Latin America – Lack of Progress

9. Latin America Income Poverty Trends Updated

10. Mexico

11. Chile

12. China Han Minority 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 19981999200020012002

13. India Scheduled Tribes Scheduled Caste Others 20 30 40 50 60 70 1992199620002004

14. Annual Rate of Change

15. Probability of Being Poor Significantly higher if indigenous, as shown, for example, in Vietnam (2006)

16. Vietnam: Impact of Shocks Significant dip in years of schooling during the Vietnam War

17. Policy Implications Indigenous ‘poorest of the poor’ Results from Asia important nuance Indigenous poorer, but not consistent global story Widespread sustained growth brought millions of indigenous out of poverty in Asia

18. Final Thoughts 1.Do not ignore vulnerable populations 2.Improve the collection & disaggregation of data 3.Development efforts need to include vulnerable groups’ needs 4.Improve knowledge base on what works