1. Introduction to wind parks SCADA systems
Cataldo Pignatale
Product Support Manager
Vestas Italia S.r.l.
Desire-Net Project

2. Session Contents
Aim: at the end of this session participants will have a quick overview of the fundaments of a modern wind park SCADA system
Duration: 20-25min

3. Agenda Basics Why a SCADA system Evolution Requirements
SCADA components in wind parks
This is the programme of today.

4. Basics

5. Basics Definition SCADA=Supervisory Control & Data Acquisition
SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) system refers to the combination of telemetry and data acquisition. It consists of collecting information, transferring it back to a central site, carrying out necessary analysis and control, and then displaying this data on a number of operator screens.
The SCADA system is used to monitor and control a plant or equipment. Control may be automatic or can be initiated by operator commands.

6. Basics What is based on The central SCADA master system.
A communications network.
The RTU's. Remote Telemetry (or Terminal) Units.
Field instrumentation

7. Basics
DCS
Similar to the SCADA systems are the Distributed Control Systems (DCS).
The DCS is usually used in factories and located within a more confined area.
It uses a high-speed communications medium, such as local area network (LAN). A significant amount of closed loop control is present on the system.
The SCADA system covers larger geographical areas. It may rely on a variety of communication links such as radio and telephone. Closed loop control is not a high priority in this system.

8. Basics In the wind industry
Communication interface on the device that has to be controlled
Communication network
Communication concentrator
“Server” unit
“Client” unit
Man to machine interface

9. Why a SCADA system

10. Why a SCADA system? Wind turbines are made to operate unattended!
Manufacturer point of view
Fulfill contractual obbligations on service & reduce service costs
Get feed-back for product development
Operator/Owner point of view
Verify contractor obbligations
Reporting (various levels)
Integration of different windparks over the country

11. Why a SCADA system? External requirements Wind power plant operation
Fulfillment of grid operator requirements
Active power control
Cooperation to reactive power control
Balck-star connection
Etc.
Forecasting tools

12. Evolution

13. Evolution Yesterday Few status signals
Historical data processed at centralized level (raw signals collection)
Dedicated HW
Dial-up remote connection
Today
WTG=IFD (Intelligent Field Device)
Historical data processed in the WTG
Commercial HW
Broadband connection (Point to many)

14. Requirements

15. Requirements Low demand systems No external database
Rely on wind turbines internal memory (limited ammount of data)
No data back-up functionalities
Limited number of wind turbines to be connected
Impossible to connect devices other than windturbines
No customized features
Standard reporting

16. Requirements Professional systems External database
Impossible data loss
Back-up functionalities
Unlimited number of turbines connected
Possible to connect devices other than windturbines (revenue meters, metereological stations, PLCs, etc)
Custom features available
Advanced and custom reporting available
High security
Possibility of interfacing other devices on several different protocols
Etc…

17. SCADA components for wind parks

18. Communication port Hardwired I/O
Serial communication ports (RS232, RS485, Optical, etc.)
Ethernet
Ethernet port
Optic RS232 port

19. Communication Protocols
Proprietary
Industrial protocols (ModBus, DNP3,…)
Standardised protocols: IEC

20. Communication network
Serial
Copper wires
Optic fibres
Ethernet

21. Communication concentrator
Multiplexer/modem
ISDN
PSTN
GSM
Router
Analog
ADSL/xDSL/Satellite

22. Server
Device that manages the continuous collection of data from the units in the wind power plant.
Eventually collected data are stored in a central database and used for operating and managing the wind power plant.
Dedicated HW
Host PC
Industrial servers

23. Client
Device hosting the HMI (Human to Machine Interface), the operator's user interface for viewing instant data as well as accessing and processing the collected data from all units in the wind power plant as well as for viewing instantaneous data from the units.
Remote panels
Client SW hosted in PC

24. Questions?