1. Managing Oil and Natural Gas Emissions in Indian Country National Tribal Forum May 2015

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3. Hydraulic Fracturing Process 3

4. 4 Source: Adapted from American Gas Association and EPA Natural Gas STAR Program Crude Oil to Refineries (not covered by these rules) Production & Processing 1.Drilling and Well Completion 2.Producing Wells 3.Gathering Lines 4.Gathering and Boosting Stations 5.Gas Processing Plant 3 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 10a 10b 10c 10d 9 Natural Gas Transmission & Storage 6.Transmission Compressor Stations 7.Transmission Pipeline 8.Underground Storage Distribution 9.Distribution Mains 10.Regulators and Meters for: a.City Gate b.Large Volume Customers c.Residential Customers d.Commercial Customer Natural gas systems encompass wells, gas gathering and processing facilities, storage, and transmission and distribution pipelines.. The Oil and Natural Gas Sector

5. 5 casinghead gas storage tanks Where are the emissions? NOTE: Shaded boxes denote emission sources covered by EPA rules gas-driven pneumatic devices produced water ponds equipment leaks Crude Oil Production well completions and recompletions

6. 6 upstream equipment leaks well completions and recompletions Where are the emissions? reciprocating compressor rod packing gas-driven pneumatic devices Natural Gas Production and Processing processing plant leaks glycol dehydrators gas plant sweetening and sulfur recovery units storage tanks NOTE: Shaded boxes denote emission sources covered by EPA rules produced water ponds wet seal centrifugal compressors gas well liquids unloading

7. 7 Wind River Reservation Uintah and Ouray Reservation Southern Ute Reservation Ute Mountain Reservation Navajo Nation Reservation Jicarilla Apache Nation Reservation Osage Reservation Crow Reservation Fort Berthold Reservation Blackfeet Indian Reservation Isabella Reservation Alabama-Coushatta Reservation Fort Peck Indian Reservation Fort Belknap Reservation Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation Rocky Boy’s Indian Reservation Oil and Natural Gas Wells in Indian Country

8. Oil and Natural Gas Wells in Key Reservations in Indian Country 8  24,705 wells in Indian country, located in 11 states  Represents about 2% of total wells in the U.S. (1.3M)  Represents about 1 and 2 percent of national oil and natural gas production, respectively  Top seven reservations have 95% of those wells (23,589) ReservationStateNumber of Wells Percent of Total Number of Wells in Indian Country Uintah and Ouray ReservationUtah10,16141% Osage ReservationOklahoma4,51618% Southern Ute ReservationColorado2,99612% Jicarilla Apache Nation Reservation New Mexico2,2179% Navajo Nation ReservationArizona/New Mexico2,0898% Fort Berthold ReservationNorth Dakota9544% Wind River ReservationWyoming6563%

9. List of Reservations, States and Number of Oil and Natural Gas Wells ReservationStatesNumber of Oil and Natural Gas Wells Percent of Total Wells Alabama-Coushatta Reservation Texas11 0% Blackfeet Indian ReservationMontana369 1% Crow ReservationMontana65 0% Fort Belknap ReservationMontana16 0% Fort Berthold ReservationNorth Dakota954 4% Fort Peck Indian ReservationMontana133 1% Isabella ReservationMichigan204 1% Jicarilla Apache Nation Reservation New Mexico2,217 9% Navajo Nation ReservationArizona/New Mexico2,089 8% Osage ReservationOklahoma4,516 18% Rocky Boy's ReservationMontana63 0% Southern Ute ReservationColorado2,996 12% Turtle Mountain ReservationMontana/North Dakota/South Dakota 26 0% Uintah and Ouray ReservationUtah10,161 41% Ute Mountain ReservationNew Mexico/Colorado/Utah229 1% Wind River ReservationWyoming656 3%

10. Emissions Sources from Production in Indian Country 10  VOC and NOx emissions from at least 12 activities:  Crude Oil/Condensate Storage Tanks  Pneumatic Devices  Loading/unloading well pad storage tanks via tanker truck  Gas-Actuated (Pneumatic) Pumps  Associated Gas (venting/flaring of gas produced from oil wells)  Dehydrators  Fugitives  Liquids Unloading (removing accumulated water from the wellbore)  Well Completions  Mud Degassing  Produced Water  SO2 removal  Other  Same for other criteria pollutants we’re regulating  Not addressing methane except for co-benefits

11. 11 *Monitor coverage indicates the existence of monitoring sites within Tribal land that are reporting data (as of July 2012) to EPA's Air Quality System and that collect the data using Federal Reference Method or equivalent. *