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Published byConrad Rich Modified over 9 years ago
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Weathering and Erosion
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Rock Cycle Revisited
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What do volcanoes and tectonic activity do to the surface of the Earth? Mt. Everest is increasing in height by approximately 2 inches each year. Build it up!
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Mechanical Weathering The breaking down of rock by mechanical means. The smaller pieces retain the characteristics of the larger piece. Ice Wedging Organic Activity Abrasion
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Organic Activity
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Abrasion
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Chemical Weathering Chemical reactions alter the internal structure of rock breaking it down. Hydrolysis Carbonation Oxidation Acid precipitation
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Hydrolysis: Chemical reaction between minerals and water Carbonation: Carbon dioxide and water combine to form a weak acid (carbonic acid) Oxidation: When elements (especially metals) combine with oxygen Acid Precipitation: Oxides of sulfur and nitrogen dissolved in water form acids (usually produced in industrial areas)
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What factors affect the rate of weathering?
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Factors that Effect Rates of Weathering? Rock Composition Sandstone: Moh’s hardness of 5 Quartz: Moh’s hardness of 7
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More Factors Amount of Exposure Climate – what climate conditions or combination of conditions increase weathering? Warm moist climates Variable temperatures for freezing and thawing
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Bill Nye - Erosion
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Soil The top 6 elements in the human body are Nitrogen Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Phosphorous Sulfur Where do we get them from?
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Soil is a combination of… Mineral matter Organic matter Water Air
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Humus = Organic Matter Decayed plant & animal matter provides nutrients and helps with water retention
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Not to be confused with Hummus
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What influences the rate of soil production? Time Climate Plants & Animals Slope
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Soil, It’s Impoprtant! soil O = Organic Layer A = Topsoil B = Subsoil C = Parent Material Below that = bedrock
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Soil texture is important for… Agriculture Engineering
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Soil Texture Triangle The rock material in soil is made up of Clay (<0.002mm) Silt (0.002 – 0.6 mm) Sand (0.6 mm – 2 mm)
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