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Weathering and Erosion. Rock Cycle Revisited What do volcanoes and tectonic activity do to the surface of the Earth? Mt. Everest is increasing in height.

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Presentation on theme: "Weathering and Erosion. Rock Cycle Revisited What do volcanoes and tectonic activity do to the surface of the Earth? Mt. Everest is increasing in height."— Presentation transcript:

1 Weathering and Erosion

2 Rock Cycle Revisited

3 What do volcanoes and tectonic activity do to the surface of the Earth? Mt. Everest is increasing in height by approximately 2 inches each year. Build it up!

4 Mechanical Weathering The breaking down of rock by mechanical means. The smaller pieces retain the characteristics of the larger piece. Ice Wedging Organic Activity Abrasion

5 Organic Activity

6 Abrasion

7 Chemical Weathering Chemical reactions alter the internal structure of rock breaking it down. Hydrolysis Carbonation Oxidation Acid precipitation

8 Hydrolysis: Chemical reaction between minerals and water Carbonation: Carbon dioxide and water combine to form a weak acid (carbonic acid) Oxidation: When elements (especially metals) combine with oxygen Acid Precipitation: Oxides of sulfur and nitrogen dissolved in water form acids (usually produced in industrial areas)

9 What factors affect the rate of weathering?

10 Factors that Effect Rates of Weathering? Rock Composition Sandstone: Moh’s hardness of 5 Quartz: Moh’s hardness of 7

11 More Factors Amount of Exposure Climate – what climate conditions or combination of conditions increase weathering? Warm moist climates Variable temperatures for freezing and thawing

12

13 Bill Nye - Erosion

14 Soil The top 6 elements in the human body are Nitrogen Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Phosphorous Sulfur Where do we get them from?

15 Soil is a combination of… Mineral matter Organic matter Water Air

16 Humus = Organic Matter Decayed plant & animal matter provides nutrients and helps with water retention

17 Not to be confused with Hummus

18 What influences the rate of soil production? Time Climate Plants & Animals Slope

19 Soil, It’s Impoprtant! soil O = Organic Layer A = Topsoil B = Subsoil C = Parent Material Below that = bedrock

20 Soil texture is important for… Agriculture Engineering

21 Soil Texture Triangle The rock material in soil is made up of Clay (<0.002mm) Silt (0.002 – 0.6 mm) Sand (0.6 mm – 2 mm)


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