1. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000.

2. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series Features & Benefits Service Reliability Components Durability

3. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series Common Components Crankshafts One spec per engine All cranks heat treated Balanced on site Benefits Only one component to buy Journals and pins can be re- ground for engine overhauls

4. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series Common Components Big End & Main Bearings All Aluminium Alloy (Diesel and Gas) Benefits Only one specification Resistant to Nitrous Oxides. Better part Pricing. Reduced Inventory

5. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series Common Components Con Rods Two types; Low and High Power Graded by Weight Benefits Each Rod can be serviced separately Can accommodate oversize bearings

6. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series Common Components Cylinder Heads Single Head per Cylinder 4 valves per head Two types; In-line and Vee Benefits All Fully assembled Easily serviceable Re-manufactured versions available Efficient Combustion

7. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series Common Components Cylinder Heads The difference between an in-line and Vee cylinder head lies in the oil drain. The in-line engine drains through the ‘push rod’ hole whereas on the Vee engine the oil drains through a special drain hole. Oil Drain Hole (Vee Engines).

8. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series Common Components Pistons Valve cut-outs on crown for diesel Internal oil cooling Gallery High Power density - Heavier Benefits Gallery Cooling increases durability Common on all engines Reduced Inventory

9. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series Common Components Cylinder Liners Wet liners only All engines, same bore and stroke Two grooves and two ‘O’ rings per liner Benefits Allows one change of Piston rings before replacement Easily replaced Reduced Inventory

10. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series Common Components Inlet & Exhaust Valves 4 valves per head one piece valves Stellite tipped for durability Valve seat inserts cryogenically fitted 2 rockers per cylinder Stellite tipped rocker arms for durability Benefits Durable and easily serviceable Common Component Reduced inventory

11. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series Common Components Turbochargers Usually one per In-line engine 2 per vee engine 4 for vee-16 Benefits Easily accessible Repair kits available (bearings and seals) Re-manufactured units available

12. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series Common Components Oil Pumps Replacement Pumps only Re-manufactured units may be available Benefits Easily accessed Volume part, lower cost Reduced Inventory

13. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series Common Components Oil Filters 3 per in-line engine 6 for Vee engines Benefits Easily accessible Bypass system available for base load engines

14. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series Common Components Fuel Injection Equipment Lucas Unit Injectors One injector type for 90% of engines Operated by rocker arm Benefits No high pressure fuel pipes Volume part, lower cost Reduced Inventory

15. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series Common Components Water Pumps 2 pumps per vee engine 1 per in-line engine Benefits Service options include; # Replacement Pump # Repair kit (excl. housing) # Re-manufactured units

16. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series Durability Engineering Programme; Connecting Rod Bearings Analysis Connecting Rod Bolts Analysis Main Bearing Failures Crankshaft Dynamics and Stressing Cylinder Block Dynamics Piston Geometry and Bore Shape Oil and Coolant Circuit Analysis Predictive Engineering used Extensively (CAE and FEA )

17. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series Durability Spheroidal Graphite Iron (sgi) crankcase for better strength and stiffness. Heat treated Crank fillets Improved bearings specification Stellite tipped valves reduce wear Stellite tipped rocker arms Oil gallery cooling on pistons

18. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series Ease of Service Crankcase doors at side of block enable change of conrod bearings without removing sump Single side servicing for in-line engines. Easily removed cylinder heads.

19. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series Reliability Significant Reduction in Warranty Costs achieved by: Improvements to Main and Con-Rod Bearings Con-Rod Bolts Increased Monitoring on Con-Rods, Crankcase and Crankshaft Improvements in Lubrication Circuit Improvements in Factory Environment Introduction of Full Strip Investigation Process Use of Predictive Tools at Design Stage Re-Definition of Prime Ratings

20. @ Perkins Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Ltd., © 2000. 4000 Series FAB’s summary Range of common parts - Reduced Inventory costs Improved Durability - Longer Component Life Improved Reliability - Less Down Time Ease of service - Contributes to overall Cost of Ownership