1. PLURAL OF NOUNS The general rule for making nouns plural is as follows:

2. PLURAL OF NOUNS Generally speaking, if the noun ends in a vowel, add s. el chico = los chicos If the noun ends in a consonant, add es. el papel = los papeles

3. PLURAL OF NOUNS More specifically: If the noun ends in an unstressed vowel, add s el muchacho → los muchachos

4. PLURAL OF NOUNS If the noun ends in a stressed vowel, add es el israelí → los israelíes

5. PLURAL OF NOUNS If the noun ends in an unstressed vowel + s, there is no change (the definite article is pluralized however). el martes → los martes

6. PLURAL OF NOUNS If the noun ends in a consonant, add es el profesor → los profesores

7. PLURAL OF NOUNS If the noun ends in a stressed vowel + s, add es (drop any accent marks) el francés → los franceses

8. PLURAL OF NOUNS Nouns that end in an accented vowel or n or s drop the accent mark and the add es la nación → las naciones

9. PLURAL OF NOUNS Nouns that end in n and are stressed on the penultimate syllable add an accent mark to that syllable and then add es la imagen → las imágenes

10. PLURAL OF NOUNS NOTE: If a noun ends in “z,” change it to “c” before adding es lápiz →lápices

11. PLURAL OF NOUNS It may help you to know some basic rules for stress/pronunciation so that you know which syllables receive the stress or emphasis

12. PLURAL OF NOUNS Words that ends in a consonant are always stressed on the last (ultimate) syllable – Ejemplos: Hablar Beber Vivir Popular Papel

13. PLURAL OF NOUNS Words that end in a vowel or n or s are stressed on the next-to-last (penultimate) syllable – Ejemplos: Chica Habla Beben distintos

14. PLURAL OF NOUNS Any syllable containing an accent mark is stressed on the accented syllable Ejemplos: Háblame (stressed on the antepenultimate syllable) débil (stressed on the penultimate syllable) farándula (stressed on the antepenultimate syllable) Cómprenmela (esdrújula)