1. The U.S.Constitution

2. 2 Overview  Origins of the Constitution  Constitutional Principles and Provisions  Ways to Amend the U.S. Constitution  Elements of the Constitution and its amendments

3. 3 Overview  Describe John Locke ’ s general principles and provisions embodied in the Constitution  List ways to amend the US Constitution  List the five parts of the Declaration of Independence

4. 4 Origins of the Constitution  Philosophical Ideas John LockeJohn Locke The Federalist PapersThe Federalist Papers Declaration of IndependenceDeclaration of Independence Articles of ConfederationArticles of Confederation Shays’ RebellionShays’ Rebellion The Great CompromiseThe Great Compromise Ratification debateRatification debate

5. 5 Origins of the Constitution  The Declaration of Independence The Declaration of IndependenceThe Declaration of Independence Introduction – “When in the course of human events..”Introduction – “When in the course of human events..” Preamble – “We hold these truths to be self-evident..”Preamble – “We hold these truths to be self-evident..” Body – “long train of abuses and Usurpations…”Body – “long train of abuses and Usurpations…” Body II – We’ve requested help…..Body II – We’ve requested help….. Conclusion – “these United Colonies, are and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States…”Conclusion – “these United Colonies, are and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States…”

6. 6 Constitutional Principles and Provisions  Federalism  Enumerated Powers  Separation of Powers/Checks and Balances

7. 7 Ways to Amend the U.S. Constitution  The Proposal Process By the Congress with a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the SenateBy the Congress with a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate By a constitutional convention called for by two-thirds of the State legislatures.By a constitutional convention called for by two-thirds of the State legislatures. None of the 27 amendments to the Constitution have been proposed by constitutional convention. None of the 27 amendments to the Constitution have been proposed by constitutional convention.

8. 8 Ways to Amend the U.S. Constitution  The Ratification process A proposed amendment becomes part of the Constitution as soon as it is ratified by three-fourths of the States (38 of 50 States).A proposed amendment becomes part of the Constitution as soon as it is ratified by three-fourths of the States (38 of 50 States). A proposed amendment may also be ratified by a special conventions called by three-fourths of the States. A proposed amendment may also be ratified by a special conventions called by three-fourths of the States. The 21 st Amendment is the only one that has been adopted in this manner. The 21 st Amendment is the only one that has been adopted in this manner. However, Congress has the power to decide which method of ratification will be usedHowever, Congress has the power to decide which method of ratification will be used

9. 9 Elements of the Constitution and its amendments  First 10 Amendments to the Constitution – The Bill of Rights  Preamble  Articles  Other Amendments

10. 10 Bill of Rights  First ten amendments to the Constitution

11. 11 Constitution  Preamble We the people of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquillity, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of AmericaWe the people of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquillity, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America

12. 12 Elements of the Constitution and its amendments  First 10 Amendments to the Constitution – The Bill of Rights  Preamble  Articles  Other Amendments

13. 13 Summary  Origins of the Constitution  Constitutional Principles and Provisions  Ways to Amend the U.S. Constitution  Elements of the Constitution and its amendments