1. PROJECT AND STUDY DRAWINGS & DIAGRAMS

2. DIAGRAMS AND DRAWINGS DIAGRAMS ARE TYPICALLY SCHEMATICS
DRAWINGS ARE PHYSICAL REPRESENTATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION
VARIOUS FORMS ARE COMPLETED DURING EACH PHASE OF THE PROJECT
INITIAL PRODUCTS ARE CONCEPTUAL SCHEMATICS
FINAL PRODUCTS ARE CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS

3. BLOCK FLOW DIAGRAMS (BFD)
THESE INDICATE THE FUNCTION COMPLETED IN EACH AREA, NOT THE EQUIPMENT USED
NORMALLY START WITH AN OVERALL BFD FOR THE PLANT
AT LEAST ONE IS TO BE COMPLETED FOR EACH SECTION OF THE PLANT AND USED IN THE FINAL REPORT FOR THE AREA DESCRIPTIONS.

4. BFD PREPARATION Select process technology
Prepare design basis document with ‘scope of work’
Prepare a document process description
Prepare ‘input/output’ diagram (I/O)
Prepare ‘block flow diagram’ (BFD)

5. ALKYLATE PROCESS BLOCK FLOW DIAGRAM
ALKYLATION
REACTION
BUTYLENE FEED
ISOBUTANE FEED
PROPANE
RECOVERY
n-BUTANE
ALKYLATE
ISOBUTANE
RECYCLE
ALKYLATE PROCESS BLOCK FLOW DIAGRAM

6. PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAMS (PFD)
SCHEMATIC SHOWING THE EQUIPMENT CONFIGURATION AND PROCESS STREAMS
SYMBOLS - USE SIMSCI© AND SUPERPRO© STANDARDS
EQUIPMENT NAMES AND NUMBERING - ALL ARE LOCATED ABOVE THE EQUIPMENT ON THE DIAGRAM. ALSO SEE CTA-04. DO NOT SHOW NAMES FOR PARALLEL EQUIPMENT, USE NUMBER DESIGNATIONS.
FORMAT - ENTERING LINES LEFT, EXIT RIGHT. CAN MATCH UP BETWEEN AREAS IF PRACTICAL.

7. PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAMS (PFD)
MASS & ENERGY BALANCE TABLE
STREAM LISTS
SHOW PROPERTIES FOR EACH STREAM
CHANGE NUMBER EACH TIME PROCESS CONDITIONS ARE CHANGED.
FLOWS ARE TYPICALLY BASED ON CONTINUOUS AVERAGE OPERATION.
ADD A LINE FOR DESIGN FLOW IF THAT EXCEEDS NORMAL OPERATING, FOR EXAMPLE WITH A BATCH PROCESS.
SPREAD-OUT FIGURES – USE FOR P&IDs
MAJOR FLOW LINES ONLY - NO START-UP OR COMMISSIONING LINES

8. PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAMS (PFD)

9. UTILITY FLOW DIAGRAMS ONE FOR EACH MAJOR UTILITY
ONE FOR MISCELLANEOUS UTILITIES
GENERAL FORMAT SHOULD LOOK LIKE A BLOCK FLOW DIAGRAM

10. UTILITY FLOW DIAGRAMS
FLOW RATES AND CONDITIONS ARE SHOWN ON MAIN FLOW LINES
AREAS ARE REPRESENTED BY BLOCKS
ONLY EQUIPMENT SPECIFIC TO THE UTILITY SHOULD BE SHOWN ON THE DIAGRAM (COOLING TOWERS, BOILERS, AIR COMPRESSORS, ETC.)
ELECTRICAL SUPPLY AND TRANSFORMING SYSTEMS

11. UTILITY FLOW DIAGRAMS MISCELLANEOUS UTILITIES - INCLUDE:
INSTRUMENT AIR
PLANT UTILITY WATER
PLANT AIR
SATURATED STEAM
POTABLE WATER
FIRE WATER
INERT GAS
SEWERS
SANITARY
PROCESS
STORM

12. ARRANGEMENT DRAWINGS SHOW THE PLANT PLOT PLAN AND ELEVATIONS
PROJECT WILL USE PLOT PLAN ONLY
LOCATE MAJOR EQUIPMENT TO MINIMIZE EXTRA UTILITY RUNS
ALLOW ROOM BETWEEN FACILITIES FOR CONSTRUCTION, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE.
SEE TYPICAL DRAWING ON NEXT PAGE

13. TYPICAL PLOT PLAN DRAWING – FROM NORTH ALABAMA COAL TO METHANOL PROJECT, STEARNS-ROGER, FOR TVA, JAN. 1984

14. PIPING AND INSTRUMENT DIAGRAMS
SHOW LINE SIZING AND CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR THE PROCESS
NEED ONE FOR EACH PFD AND ONE FOR EACH UFD, MINIMUM
PIPE LINE DIAMETERS, M.O.C. & INSULATION REQUIREMENTS
MAJOR CONTROL LOOPS
MINIMUM MONITORING INSTRUMENTATION
SAFETY SHUTDOWNS AND INTERLOCKS
MAJOR FLOW ELEMENTS - VALVES

15. TYPICAL P&ID – FROM NORTH ALABAMA COAL TO METHANOL PROJECT, STEARNS-ROGER, FOR TVA, JAN. 1984

16. STANDARD DRAWINGS CAN BE USED TO SIMPLIFY P&IDs
THESE INCLUDE INSTALLATIONS SUCH AS:
ISOLATION VALVES ON ALL PIECES OF EQUIPMENT WITH BYPASSES WHEN PRACTICAL.
PUMPS - FLOW CONTROL AND CHECK VALVES ON DISCHARGE, ONLY. INLET AND OUTLET P & T INDICATION.
HEAT EXCHANGERS - HAVE P & T INDICATION ON ALL LINES
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS - USE DOUBLE BLOCK AND BLEED ARRANGEMENTS FOR ISOLATION, WITH VENT TO PROCESS FLARE AS APPROPRIATE.

17. P&ID STRUCTURE INCLUDES LINE LIST WHICH INDICATES
MEDIA TRANSFERRED
LINE SIZE
MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
INSULATED OR NON-INSULATED
ALL EQUIPMENT NEEDS TO BE INSTALLED TO ALLOW MAINTENANCE
VENT AND DRAIN LINES ON ALL EQUIPMENT
VALVES WITH FLANGES FOR ISOLATION