1. By: Isabella Iacona, Micaiah Battle, and Rebecca Freedman
Water Pollution
By: Isabella Iacona,
Micaiah Battle,
and Rebecca Freedman

2. What is the problem?
If the the pollution is coming from just one source: single source pollution
Many sources: non-point pollution
7 types of water pollution: surface water pollution, oxygen depleting pollution, ground water pollution, nutrient pollution, microbiological pollution, suspended matter pollution, and chemical pollution

3. Surface Water Pollution
Found on the exterior of the earth’s crust, surface waters are natural resources on earth:
Lakes
Oceans
Rivers
When these waters become polluted, it becomes surface water pollution

4. Oxygen Depleting
Microorganisms in the water eat biodegradable substances
Too much biodegradable material added to the water, amount of microorganisms increase, using up all the oxygen
When oxygen levels are lowered, aerobic microorganisms die and anaerobic microorganisms’ population increases
They are harmful to people, animals, and the environment, due to harmful toxins they produce

5. Ground Water Pollution
A large amount of earth’s water is found in aquifers under ground
To get access to these aquifers, you have to build wells
It becomes ground water pollution when this water becomes polluted
Caused by pesticide contamination from soil, causes health problems by infecting drinking water

6. Nutrient Pollution
Nutrients are essential for development and plant growth
Many are found in fertilizers and wastewater, causing excessive algae and weed growth
This can:
Clog filters
Contaminate drinking water
Algae uses up the oxygen, leaving none for the other marine life

7. Microbiological Pollution
Natural form of water pollution caused by microorganisms
Usually only affect health of people in poorer countries, due to the lack of treatment of water
Microorganisms in water cause animals, fish, and humans to become ill
Microorganisms include:
Bacteria
Viruses
Protozoa

8. Suspended Matter Pollution
Some pollutants can’t dissolve in water and are too big to mix between the water molecules
Suspended particles settle at bottom. Harmful to marine life that lives on the floor of lakes and/or rivers
Biodegradable substances increase the amount of anaerobic microorganisms, which decreases oxygen
Toxic chemicals suspended in water can effect the development and survival of marine life

9. Chemical Pollution
Solvents and metals from industrial work are poisonous to aquatic life and slow development and cause infertility mainly in rivers and lakes
Pesticides from farms run-off into the water and poison aquatic life. Birds, humans, and other animals can be effected if they eat infected fish
Petroleum comes from oil spills and can cause the death of many fish. They also stick to feathers of seabirds, causing them to lose the ability to fly

10. What is causing it? There are 8 main causes of water pollution:
Sewage and wastewater
Marine dumping
Industrial waste
Radioactive waste
Oil pollution
Underground storage leakages
Atmospheric deposition
Global warming
Eutrophication

11. Sewage and wastewater
Water that contains feces, urine, and laundry waste
Sewage contaminates the environment and causes disease
Sewage is carried away from the home and put through sewage pipes
It is then treated and the waste is put into the sea

12. Marine dumping Litter takes large amounts of times to degrade
Quick Facts:
Newspaper: 6 weeks to degrade
Styrofoam: 80 years to degrade
Plastic packing: 400 years to degrade
Glass takes so long to degrade that scientists are still unknown about how long it takes

13. Industrial waste
Many industrial facilities use fresh water to take away the waste, putting it in rivers, lakes, and oceans
Pollutants include:
Lead
Mercury
Oils
Phosphates

14. Radioactive waster
Produced from scientific, medical, and industrial processes
Nuclear-fuel reprocessing plants in northern Europe have the biggest source of man-made nuclear waste

15. Oil pollution Oceans are polluted by oil almost everyday
Oil spills make up 12% or oil in the ocean
Oil spills are usually localized, and are terrible for the surrounding marine life
Oil cannot dissolve in water and forms thick sludge

16. Underground storage leaks
Often, a tank underground hold petroleum and is harmful to the environment that surrounds it
Overtime, the steel corrodes and causes leaks

17. Global warming
The death of aquatic life is due to the increase in temperature
Coral bleaching is caused by a rise in water temperature
Creates damage to the reef, which is what much of the aquatic life depends on

18. Eutrophication
When the environment becomes rich with nutrients, becomes eutrophication
Causes algal blooms in lakes

19. Atmospheric Deposition
Pollution of water caused by air pollution
Example: Acid Rain

20. How do human interferences connect?
“"Acid rain" is a broad term referring to a mixture of wet and dry deposition (deposited material) from the atmosphere containing higher than normal amounts of nitric and sulfuric acids. The precursors, or chemical forerunners, of acid rain formation result from both natural sources, such as volcanoes and decaying vegetation, and man-made sources, primarily emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides resulting from fossil fuel combustion” (“What Is Acid Rain?”)

21. Acid rain continued
So basically, acid rain happens due to the emissions from cars.
These gases react in the atmosphere with oxygen, water, and other chemicals.
It results in sulfur acid and nitric acid, which is carried by the wind, occasionally blowing hundreds of miles

22. Dangers of water pollution
Harmful to health of animals and humans
It disrupts the food chain by poisoning marine life that humans and animals consume
It harms our water supply, which we need to live and plants need to survive

23. Water pollution in China
Many rivers that are needed for water and fishing are constantly contaminated by nearby factories and dumping by locals
“This March, more than 2,000 dead pigs were found floating in a Shanghai river, a main water source for the city's 23 million residents.”
“Polluted water sources have been linked to a rise in "cancer villages," or areas where cancer rates are high among people who live along tainted waterways.”

24. Pictures of China

25. What if it continues?
If water pollution continues, many species could be wiped out
The chemicals could kill many of the aquatic marine life
A vital food source would also be lost due to the large amount of fish deaths
Many animals would lose their source of food and water

26. The water cycle
The most obvious cycle that would be effected is the water cycle
If the water cycle starts out with polluted water in rivers, lakes, and oceans, those chemicals could circulate throughout the earth
They could eventually get into the water we drink and get us sick

27. Ways you can help
Turn off your water. This reduces the amount of water that needs treatment
Don’t throw litter and oils down the drain
Don’t overuse pesticides and fertilizers because it will cause run-offs
And obviously, don’t throw littler into rivers, lakes, and oceans

28. Websites
"What Is Acid Rain?" EPA. Environmental Protection Agency, n.d. Web. 01 June 2013.
"Water Pollution." Water Pollution. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 June 2013.
"If You Think China's Air Is Bad, You Should See The Water." Business Insider. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 June
"Ocean Waves Wallpaper - HD Wallpaper." Ocean Waves Wallpaper. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 June 2013.