1. TEXAS 1

2. Los básicos 2  Población  22, 859, 968  Capital  Austin  Economía  Chemicals, foodstuffs, vehicles, petroleum, computers, livestock, fruit  Lenguajes  Inglés  Español (29.21%)  Spanish is spoken in almost every region  Etnicidad  80.9% White American (36.1 % White Hispanic)  37.6% Hispanic or Latino  Nearly one out of three Texans claim to be of Hispanic origin

3. La historia 3 1821183618451861 Mexico wins independence from Spain. Texas becomes part of Mexico. U.S. settlers outnumber Mexicans six to one and declare their independence They win independence and become an independent nation: the Republic of Texas Texas becomes the 28 th state of the United States Texas secedes from the Union to join the Confederacy during the Civil War Texas is readmitted to the Union in 1870

4. La influencia y la cultura mexicana 4 As Texas was once a part of Mexico, there is a large amount of Mexican influences in Texas culture that is still prevalent today. Thanks to Mexican vaqueros, cattle and sheep are still a large part of Texas culture. Today 20% of U.S. wool comes from sheep raised in Texas San Antonio is a multicultral city famous for the Paseo del Río.

5. Las misiones 5  Spanish explorers began to establish Missions in the 1600’s.  The Catholic Missions offered shelter, food, and clothing to indigenous people in exchange for labor and conversion to Catholocism  Indigenous people were not happy with this which resulted in a more violent Spanish rule  As a result, near each settlement was a military fort to protect Spanish colonists from an indigenous attack

6. Las misiones 6 La Cepilla de San Elceario is a mission in El Paso. It is a fine example of Spanish mission architecture in Texas El convento de la Misión de San José in San Antonio was originally constructed in 1770. Today only ruins remain.

7. La música 7 La música Conjunto is a popular dance music from Northern Mexico and Southern Texas Conjunto It holds its roots in Eastern European music which is shown in the interesting instrument: the accordian

8. Los tejanos 8  Tejano refers to a Texan person of Criollo Spanish (indigenous Spanish) or Mexican heritage.  The population of Mexican-Americans that live in the boarder cities of Texas often refer to themselves as tejano or “The New Mestiza”  These names reflect the two cultures that these people engage in everyday  What do you think are some obstacles that tejanos encounter in everyday life?

9. Los tejanos - Tejanos famosos 9 Trini Lopez Guitarist, singer, actor Jennifer Peña Singer, actress Robert Rodriguez Director (Sin City, Grindhouse, Machete)

10. La tejana más famosa… 10  Selena Quintanilla-Pérez  A singer, actress, dancer, model, designer, and entrepreneur  El dieciseis de abril 1971 – el treinta y uno de marzo 1995  Very popular because she represented the under- represented population of Tejanos  She sang in Spanish and EnglishSpanish English  Selena gained popularity in 2 countries despite initial reservations reservations

11. ¡Tarea! 11  There are a few options (choose one): 1. Research a Texas mission. Describe the architecture. Which indigenous people lived in the mission? Was it built near a fort? Is the mission still being used today? 2. Research a music style that is popular with tejano culture. What is the music like? Who is one famous artist in that genre? 3. Research a famous tejano or tejana (not one mentioned in this PowerPoint!) What are they famous for? How do they represent the tejano community? Why are they important to the tejano community?  After you research, write a one paragraph summary. These are due mañana! You will be sharing them with the class!