1. What Is Intelligence Anyway?
Unit 9
What Is Intelligence Anyway?
Intelligence: power of learning, understanding
and reasoning; mental ability
--Even students with average intelligence can
be top students if they study hard.

2. bright sensible clever talented smart gifted brilliant wise
What words will occur to you when you want to describe this great scientist?
bright
sensible
clever
talented
smart
gifted
brilliant
wise

3. The Professor and the Yo-Yo

5. Before Reading_4.1

6. Unit 9
What Is Intelligence, Anyway?
Isaac Asimov

7. Before Reading_3.10.2 Name: Isaac Asimov Occupation Date of Birth
Directions: Listen to the following passage and fill in the blanks.
Name: Isaac Asimov
Occupation
_____________
Writer / Chemist
Date of Birth
_____________
2 January 1920
Place of Birth former Soviet Union
Date of Death
______
6 April
Cause of Death
________________
HIV infection /AIDS
Best Known as: Prolific多创作的 writer of
and science fiction
_____________
popular science ■

8. Before Reading_3.10.2
Isaac Asimov was born on 2 January 1920 in the former Soviet Union, but grew up in Brooklyn, New York. He taught biochemistry at Boston University until he retired in 1958 to become a full-time writer. Asimov had been publishing short stories since the late 1930s, and in 1952 published his first novel. The author of the classic Ⅰ, Robot series and The Foundation Trilogy, Asimov wrote more than 400 books and won every major science fiction award. He also wrote popular books and essays on science and technology, earning him the nickname "The Great Explainer." Isaac Asimov died of “heart and kidney failure, which were complications of the HIV infection” on 6 April HIV was not revealed as the cause of his death until 2002, when his widow Janet published the memoirs It's Been a Good Life.

9. text structure and analysis

10. text structure and analysis
How does the author start his essay?
Question Story → his point of view
How does the author develop his essay?
Examples of his auto-repair man
How does the author end his essay?
one-sentence paragraph → his conclusion
Good at Solving
mechanical problems
trap the author with his trick

11. Text analysis-----Text structure
Introduction
Para.1-2
Development
Para.3-6
Conclusion
para.7
I score high in aptitude tests but it only means I am good at answering academic questions
The examples of the auto repairman show that intelligence is decided by the society one lives in.
Intelligence is not absolute and it is only one aspect of a person’s total qualities

12. Globe Reading2 Questions and Answers
For Paras 1-2
Questions and Answers
1. What did the author think of the high score he had achieved in the aptitude test?
2. Does the author believe that he is highly intelligent?
3. According to the author, what do the high scores really mean?

13. Globe Reading3
For Paras. 3-7 1.
My auto repairman once got a score of less than 80 on an intelligence test.
( ) F
I estimated that my auto repairman could not have a score of more than 80 if he took an intelligence test. 2.
Although I considered myself far more intelligent than my auto repairman, I had to ask him to fix my car when anything went wrong with it.
( ) T 3.
I would not score high in an intelligent test designed by a worker.
( ) T

14. I was good at both physical work and brainwork.
For Paras. 3-7 4.
I was good at both physical work and brainwork.
( ) F
I would do poor when working with my hands. 5.
The numerical evaluation of intelligence is determined by the talented people.
( ) F
The numerical evaluation of intelligence is determined by a small subsection of that society as an arbiter of such matters.

15. The prelude (前奏) of the joke
A deaf-and-dumb guy
bought nails by making
motions successfully.
The prelude (前奏) of the joke
The question asked
by the repairman
How could a blind
man buy scissors?
made scissoring motions
with his first two fingers
My answer
The repairman’s
response
laughed and said that
I was a moron
My feeling
Uneasy

16. What is intelligence, anyway?
His high I.Q
He cannot repair his car
He was caught by a joke
What is intelligence, anyway?

17. Discussion
Do you agree that sometimes highly educated people are not so smart as those who receive less education? Why or why not?

18. Talking About the Pictures and writing the summary of the text
After Reading_4
Talking About the Pictures and writing the summary of the text

19. Thank you

20. After Reading_1.1 Assignments: score high on a test 1. 考试得高分 2.
Useful Expressions
score high on a test 1.
考试得高分 2.
receive a test
参加测试 3.
make a fuss over / of
大惊小怪 4.
an academic question
学究式的问题
be worthy of answers 5.
值得回答 6.
make up a test
出试题 7.
by my estimate
据我估计
take sth. for granted 8.
想当然 9.
检查主要部件
explore the vitals of sth.
10. 神谕
divine oracles

21. After Reading_1.2 11. 口语能力 verbal talents 12. 强加于我们身上 foist on us
13. 高度赞扬
praise highly
14. 从车下面抬起头
raise one’s head from under a car
15. 做捶打动作
make a hammering motion
16. 挑出
pick out
17. 开怀大笑
laugh heartily
18. 在所有顾客身上试验
try on all customers
19. 确定
for sure
20. 有一定原因或道理
have something there

22. Unit 9
What Is Intelligence, Anyway?
Isaac Asimov

23. What is intelligence, anyway?
His high I.Q
He cannot repair his car
He was caught by a joke
What is intelligence, anyway?

24. Part I Paras.1-2 I have been scoring high in intelligence
tests all my life but it only means that I
am good at answering certain types of
academic questions.

25. aptitude: natural ability or skill (L2)
Examples:
--She has an attitude for dealing with people.
--He showed an aptitude for music at an early age.

26. fuss
1.unnecessary,useless,or unwelcome expression of excitement, impatience, etc.
Don't make (such) a fuss.!
2.an anxious, nervous condition
3.an expression of annoyance, esp. for a good reason

27. make a great fuss about nothing
小题大做
make a great fuss about trifles
fuss and feathers
大吹大擂; 夸耀, 不必要的忧虑和紧张

28. get into a fuss
焦急; 忙乱
kick up a fuss
[美俚]起哄, 骚乱; 大吵大闹
make a fuss of sb.
对某人过分关心, 大肆吹捧某人
make a fuss over sb.

29. make a fuss over (about/of): (L4)
show unnecessary nervous excitement (esp. about unimportant things)
Examples:
--This is only a small cut. Don’t make a fuss.
--He asked himself why he had made such a big fuss about so simple a matter.

30. . Register (L6)
(v.) write in a list or record
Examples:
--I have registered for four courses for next semester.
--学生们必须在四月底完成新课程的注册。
Students have to finish registering for the new course by the end of April.
(n.) record or list
Example:
--The old man finally found the register of births and deaths.

31. (1) scholarly, theoretical, not practical Examples:
academic: (9)
(1) scholarly, theoretical, not practical
Examples:
--His theory received little attention because he was unknown in the academic world.
--This question is purely academic.
(2) of a college or university
--这一学年，他没有得到任何奖励。
He didn’t receive any prize in this academic year.

32. academic: 2) of a college or university 学院的
We have made good preparations and welcome the assessment of our university in academic year 2007 – 2008

33. bent: n. special natural skill or interest (L11)
She has a scientific bent.
他生性爱好音乐。
He has a natural bent for music.

34. Actually, though, don’t such scores simply mean [ that I am very good at answering the type of academic questions] ( that are considered worthy of answers by the people ( who make up the intelligence tests — people with intellectual bents similar to mine ) ) ?(L8)
1. the subject : such scores
2. the predicate : mean
3.the object : the clause “that I am very good at answering the type of academic questions”.
4.an attributive clause modifying “academic questions”
5. another attributive clause modifying the word “people”.

35. Difficult Sentences
Actually, though, don’t such scores simply mean [ that I am very good at answering the type of academic questions] ( that are considered worthy of answers by the people ( who make up the intelligence tests — people with intellectual bents similar to mine ) ) ? (L8)
Translate this sentence:
然而，实际上，难道这类分数不是仅仅意味着我很善于回答那些编制智力测验的人们 —— 智力爱好跟我类似的人们 —— 认为值得回答的那类学究式的问题吗？

36. What function does this sentence perform in organizing the essay?
Transitional sentence
What effect does it achieve?
Coherence

37. intelligent & intellectual
An intelligent person: someone who has the ability to think, understand, and learn things quickly and well.
An intellectual person: someone who is interested in ideas or theories, rather than in practical matters.
For example:

38. See page 225 about intelligent and intellectual
Some scientists claim that dolphins are more intelligent than humans.
Einstein knew there were answers beyond his intellectual reach.
See page 225 about intelligent and intellectual

39. What does the writer think of the intelligence test?
Part II Paras. 3-6
The examples of the auto repairman show that intelligence is decided by the society one lives in.
What does the writer think of the intelligence test?
It can only show one aspect of a person's intelligence.

40. hasten: move or act with speed (15)
Examples:
--Upon learning the news of her son’s injury, she hastened to the hospital.
--毫无疑问，落后的医疗加速了他的死亡。
There is no doubt that poor medical treatment has hastened his death.

41. foist on: impose (someone or something unwanted) upon by coercion or trickery (L26)
Examples:
--Stores should not foist defective goods on customers.
--他是教徒, 但他不想把自己的信仰强加人。
--He's religious but he doesn't try to foist his beliefs on everyone.
--I’m sorry all this has been foisted on you.

42. whereupon: upon that; immediately
following that (L37)
Examples:
--I described my disastrous morning, whereupon, he laughed and laughed.
--The unsuspecting teacher pulled out the drawer; whereupon, a dozen frogs leaped out.
Note: The word “whereupon” is used in our text as an adverb, not as a conjunction.

43. goddamned: strongly cursed or damned(L45)
This expression is used as a strong expletive (咒骂语), often shortened to “goddamn”, considered inappropriate in polite society or on formal occasions. And students of English are not advised to use it.
--The professor is so goddamned educated that he is not very smart.

44. Difficult Sentences
Its numerical evaluation is determined by a small subsection of that society which has managed to foist itself on the rest of us as an arbiter of such matters. (L24)
What can we infer from the sentence?
The author believed that only a small group of people in society determined what intelligence was and forced all the others to accept their ideas.
Translate the sentence:
它的数值是由那个社会中的一小部分人决定的，他们作为这类事情的仲裁人已设法把他们的意志强加在我们身上。

45. Part III Para 7
Intelligence is not absolute and it is only one aspect of a person’s total qualities

46. uneasy: awkward; not easy in mind or body (L46)
Examples:
--He gave an uneasy smile when he met his mother-in-law for the first time.
--The professor was so uneasy in suit and tie that he found an excuse to leave the dinner party early.

47. Difficult Sentences
And I have an uneasy feeling he had something there (L46)
Translate this sentence into Chinese:
我有一种不安的感觉：他的话不无道理。
What can we infer from the sentence?
To some extent, the author agrees with the auto repairman that too much education made him not very smart.
What is your understanding of intelligence?

48. After Reading_1.1 Useful Expressions score high on a test 1. 考试得高分 2.
receive a test
参加测试 3.
make a fuss over / of
大惊小怪 4.
an academic question
学究式的问题
be worthy of answers 5.
值得回答 6.
make up a test
出试题 7.
by my estimate
据我估计
take sth. for granted 8.
想当然 9.
检查主要部件
explore the vitals of sth.
10. 神谕
divine oracles

49. After Reading_1.2 11. 口语能力 verbal talents 12. 强加于我们身上 foist on us
13. 高度赞扬
praise highly
14. 从车下面抬起头
raise one’s head from under a car
15. 做捶打动作
make a hammering motion
16. 挑出
pick out
17. 开怀大笑
laugh heartily
18. 在所有顾客身上试验
try on all customers
19. 确定
for sure
20. 有一定原因或道理
have something there

50. Make a role play to perform the joke.
Activity:
Make a role play to perform the joke.

51. What Is Intelligence, Anyway?
Article1_S
What Is Intelligence, Anyway?
Isaac Asimov
What is intelligence, anyway? When I was in the army I received a kind of aptitude test that all soldiers took and, against a normal of 100, scored 160. No one at the base had ever seen a figure like that and for two hours they made a big fuss over me. (It didn’t mean anything. The next day I was still a buck private with KP as my highest duty.)
All my life I’ve been registering scores like that, so that I have the complacent feeling that I’m highly intelligent, and I expect other people to think so, too. Actually, though, don’t such scores simply mean that I am very good at answering the type of academic questions that are considered worthy of answers by the people who make up the intelligence tests — people with intellectual bents similar to mine?

52. Article2_S
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
For instance, I had an auto repairman once, who, on these intelligence tests, could not possibly have scored more than 80, by my estimate. I always took it for granted that I was far more intelligent than he was. Yet, when anything went wrong with my car I hastened to him with it, watched him anxiously as he explored its vitals, and listened to his pronouncements as though they were divine oracles — and he always fixed my car.
Well, then, suppose my auto repairman devised questions for an intelligence test. Or suppose a carpenter did, or a farmer, or, indeed, almost anyone but an academician. By every one of those tests, I’d prove myself a moron. And I’d be a moron, too. In a world where I could not use my academic training and my verbal talents but had to do something intricate or hard, working with my hands, I would do poorly. My intelligence, then, is not absolute. Its worth is determined by the society I live in. Its numerical evaluation is determined by a small subsection of that society which has managed to foist itself on the rest of us as an arbiter of such matters.

53. Article3_S
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Consider my auto repairman, again. He had a habit of telling me jokes whenever he saw me. One time he raised his head from under the automobile hood to say: “Doc, a deaf-and-dumb guy went into a hardware store to ask for some nails. He put two fingers together on the counter and made hammering motions
with the other hand. The clerk brought him a hammer. He shook his head and pointed to the two fingers he was hammering. The clerk brought him nails. He picked out the sizes he wanted, and left. Well, doc, the next guy who came in was a blind man. He wanted scissors. How do you suppose he asked for them?”

54. Article4_S
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
I lifted my right hand and made scissoring motions with my first two fingers. Whereupon my auto repairman laughed heartily and said, “Why, you dumb fool, he used his voice and asked for them.” Then he said, smugly, “I’ve been trying that on all my customers today.” “Did you catch many?” I asked. “Quite a few,” he said, “but I knew for sure I’d catch you.” “Why is that?” I asked. “Because you’re so goddamned educated, doc, I knew you couldn’t be very smart.”
And I have an uneasy feeling he had something there.

55. Assignment Try to master the language points we have learned.
Read the text again and try to recite paragraph 7.
Do exercises III and IV on page

56. What Is Intelligence, Anyway?
Unit 9
What Is Intelligence, Anyway?
Isaac Asimov

57. Talking About the Pictures
After Reading_4
Talking About the Pictures

58. After Reading_4.1 score high on a test receive a test
make a fuss over / of
an academic question
be worthy of answers
make up a test

59. After Reading_4.2 by my estimate take sth. for granted
explore the vitals of sth.
divine oracles

60. After Reading_4.3 a deaf –and- dumb guy make a hammering motion
pick out
a deaf –and- dumb guy

61. After Reading_4.4 laugh heartily try on all customers for sure
have something there

62. Definition of Intelligence
Before Reading_1.1
Definition of Intelligence
Intelligence is a term usually referring to a general mental
to reason, solve problems, think abstractly, learn new material, and from past experience. Intelligence can be by many different kinds of tasks , this ability is expressed in many aspects of a person’s life. Intelligence a variety of mental processes, including memory, learning, , decision-making and reasoning. Yet no accepted definition of intelligence exists, and people continue to what, exactly, it is questions remain: Is intelligence one general ability or several independent systems of abilities? Is intelligence a
of the brain, a characteristic of behavior, or a set of knowledge and skills?
________
capacity
_____
profit
measured
_________
Likewise
_______
draws on
________
perception
_________
universally
_________
______
debate
___________
Fundamental
property
________ ■

63. text structure and analysis
How does the author start his essay?
Question Story → his point of view
How does the author develop his essay?
Examples of his auto-repair man
How does the author end his essay?
one-sentence paragraph → his conclusion
Good at Solving
mechanical problems
trap the author with his trick

64. I have an uneasy feeling he had something there
introduction
his high I,Q ( score 160)
What is intelligence, anyway?
mean nothing, still a buck private
development
Less intelligent auto repairman
What is intelligence, anyway?
fix the car well each time
development
Less intelligent auto repairman
What is intelligence, anyway?
He was sure to catch me by a joke
conclusion
I have an uneasy feeling he had something there

65. What is intelligence, anyway?
His high I.Q
He cannot repair his car
He was caught by a joke
What is intelligence, anyway?

66. 1. What kind of person is an intelligent person?
2. If a person is good at sports or music, can we say he is an intelligent person?
3. If one person excels in mathematics , another excels in English , who is more intelligent?

67. After Reading_2 Spot Dictation
Today, many believe that there is more than one type of intelligence. American psychologist Howard Gardner the existence of intelligences, each linked to a separate system within the brain. He that there are seven types of intelligence: linguistic, logical-mathematical, , musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, an American psychologist Robert Sternberg suggested a different of intelligence, consisting of three : analytic (“school smarts,” as measured in academic tests), creative (a capacity for ), and practical (“street smarts,” or the ability to adapt to, select, and shape their environment).
_________
psychologists
proposed
________
multiple
_______
theorized
________
spatial
_______
intrapersonal
___________
model
______
components
____________
insight
______
real-world
_________ ■

68. 2.logical-mathematical
胡壮麟 李白
1.linguistic
poet
linguist
华罗庚
2.logical-mathematical
scientist
mathematician
郑成功
3. spatial
chess expert
navigator

69. 贝多芬
4.musical
musician/composer
5. bodily-kinesthetic
athlete/ actor

70. statesman/leader/ consultant
6.interpersonal
statesman/leader/ consultant
7.intrapersonal
religious persons

71. seven types of intelligence
1.linguistic
linguists / poets
2.logical-mathematical
scientists / mathematicians
3. spatial
navigator/ chess expert
4.musical
musician/ composer
5. bodily-kinesthetic
athlete / actor/actress/dancer
6.interpersonal
statesman/leader/ consultant
7. intrapersonal
religious persons

72. Before Reading_5 A sample IQ test
Take the IQ test below to see how intelligent you are.
Some people maintain that IQ tests are just for fun. Others argue that they are indeed testing man’s intelligence. What’s your opinion?

73. Intelligence Quotient (I.Q.)
The result of an intelligence test is called an IQ. Generally a person’s IQ is to be obtained by divided by his or her mental age (determined by a test) by his or her real age and multiplying the result by 100
(IQ=mental age ÷real age×100).
below retardation（迟钝）
average intelligence
bright-average intelligence
intellectually superior
above intellectually very superior
gifted or genius

74. Writing Practice — Transition
A brief introduction
1.Transition is frequently used to indicate the logical relationship within or between sentences. Different transitional words and phrases facilitate the conveyance of ideas in various ways. Therefore, it is easier for readers to follow the author’s line of thought.

75. Showing cause and effect
WAY
SAMPLE SENTENCE
Adding ideas
Jerry prefers coffee to milk. Furthermore, he prefers black coffee.
Emphasizing ideas
Max is hardworking, cheerful, and above all honest.
Illustrating ideas
We need to take everything into account. We have to consider, for instance, the cost of each item.
Comparing ideas
The first letter she wrote me was less than a page long, and her second letter was similarly brief.
Contrasting ideas
This is a cheap and simple process. However there are dangers.
Showing cause and effect
Since the prices of the raw materials have been raised, I'm afraid that we have to adjust the prices of our products accordingly.
Summarizing ideas
In conclusion, all the three factors contribute to the final success of the project.

76. Transitional words & phrases in the text
actually, though (para. 2)
for instance; yet (para. 3)
then; then (para. 4)
again (para. 4)
See page ,do exercise

77. Assignment
Write a paragraph of words explaining your view of intelligence. You are required to cite examples to support your argument.

78. Writing skills What is intelligence, anyway + Story
How does the author put his ideas together?
What is intelligence, anyway Story
→ his point of view
For instance + example 1
Consider my auto-repair man again+ example 2
One-sentence paragraph

79. Thank you

80. Proverbs and Quotations
After Reading_6.1
Proverbs and Quotations
1．A wise man hears one word and understands two.
智者听一知二。
2．To much cleverness is folly.
过分聪明反而愚蠢。
3．Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.
脑中智慧胜过手中金钱。 ．

81. After Reading_6.2
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
5．You can tell whether a man is clever by his answers. You
can tell whether a man is wise by his questions.
— Naguib Mahfouz, Egyptian writer
看一个人是否聪明看他的答案；看一个人是否有智慧看他提的题。
—— 埃及作家 纳吉布·马福兹 6.
Every man is a fool sometimes, and none at all times.
— George Kelly, American playwright and actor
任何人都会做蠢事，但没有人永远愚蠢。
—— 美国剧作家、演员 G · 凯利