1. Pneumatic Actuation Systems Robert Blaser Assignment #1 Mechatronics—ECE 5320

2. Outline Reference List To Explore Further… Major Applications Introduction Components of a Pneumatic System Pneumatic System Basics NORGREN 92000/M Advantages/Disadvantages

3. Reference List  Robert H. Bishop, THE MECHATRONICS HANDBOOK, CRC Press, 2002.  NORGREN, (2004, Mar. 2). “Norgren-Webstore” (2003) [Online]. Available: http://webstore.usu.norgren.com/catalogue.asp http://webstore.usu.norgren.com/catalogue.asp  NORGREN, (2004, Mar. 2). “Norgen Pneumatics” (2004) [Online]. Available: http://www.norgren.comhttp://www.norgren.com

4. To Explore Further… Good site with links to Pneumatic related information –http://www.pneumatic-source.com/http://www.pneumatic-source.com/ Resource sites with many Pneumatic manufacturers and information –http://www.hydraquip.com/products/indexOklah omaPNEUM.htmhttp://www.hydraquip.com/products/indexOklah omaPNEUM.htm –http://www.petropages.com/keywords/k2229.ht mhttp://www.petropages.com/keywords/k2229.ht m –http://www.manufacture.com.tw/tpo4/product- category/hydraulic.htmhttp://www.manufacture.com.tw/tpo4/product- category/hydraulic.htm

5. Major Applications  Industrial Applications –Production Automation –Process Automation –Vehicular Applications –Monitoring storage capacity  Cryogenic Systems –Vehicular –Industrial  High Temperature Applications (500+ C)

6. Introduction There are three main types of power with which actuation systems work: –Electric Power –Hydraulic Power –Pneumatic Power Pneumatic systems make use of cylinders (linear motors) and rotary motors, the motion of which is governed by a compressible gas (compressed air or generic gas).

7. Components of a Pneumatic System Compressed air generation system –Compressor –Cooler –Storage Tank –Intake and Output Filters Compressed air treatment unit –FLR (Filter, regulator, lubrifier) Assembly Valve (Regulator of the pneumatic system) Actuator (Converts pneumatic power into mechanical power) Piping Sensors and Transducers System Display –Physical Magnitude Measurement –Control Devices

8. Pneumatic System Basics... The figure below illustrates a basic fluid actuation system. -Command Part represents the control commends sent from Controller -Sensors provide feedback from the Actuator to the Controller -The Actuator is a double-acting cylinder in this case “The Mechatronics Handbook”

9. Pneumatic System Basics... Pneumatic Compressor Classification “The Mechatronics Handbook”

10. Pneumatic System Basics... Piston Compressor Types –Single Action –Double Action “The Mechatronics Handbook”

11. Pneumatic System Basics... Valve Classification –Directional Determine the passage and the flow of the air current by means of appropriate moving parts contained in them actuated from the outside. –On-Off Unidirectional valves. Only allow air to move in one direction. Also known as non-return or check valves. –Pressure Regulator Relief and pressure limiter are the two kinds of pressure regulators. –Flow-Rate Regulator

12. Pneumatic System Basics... Two types of Valve control –PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) Sample of PWM signal used to control valve –Proportional Normally three-way, with double poppets or with spool “The Mechatronics Handbook”

13. Very compact— approximately one third the basic length of a corresponding conventional cylinder Entirely manufactured from corrosion resistant materials Standard magnetic piston provides a wide range of control options NORGREN 92000/M “Norgren-Webstore”

14. The NORGREN 92000/M series is a Double Acting Cylinder as shown below: Cylinder Variations: NORGREN 92000/M “Norgren-Webstore”

15. Theoretical Forces-Air Consumption-Torque Cylinder Variations: NORGREN 92000/M “Norgren-Webstore”

16. Advantages/Disadvantages Advantages of Pneumatics –Better bandwidth than electromagnetics –Large load disturbance immunity –Works good at high temperatures (500+ C) Disadvantages of Pneumatics –“Stick-Slip” (intermittent motion at low movement speeds due to friction forces –Inferior to Hydraulics in some ways