1. “Defining Movement ‘Success’”
William Gamson

2. Movement “Success” (350) What is the measure of success? Leaders
Rank and File
Honored
No Change of Status
Vilified
Program adopted by state
Collapses
Victory is hollow
Wins
Limited Victory
Limited Defeat

3. Success: Definition (350)
Success maybe thought of as “outcomes.” Two options:
1) Acceptance: Fate of the SM organization
2) “New Advantages” for group’s beneficiaries

4. Success: Definition (350)
Key Question: Determining Success
Did a SM’s antagonists accept it as a valid spokesman for the constituency? Did the group gain the advantages it sought?

5. Success: Definition (350)
Four Possible Outcomes: ACCEPTANCE
Full
None
New Advantages
Many
Full Response
Preemption
Cooptation
Collapse

6. Movement Failure The Challenge from a SM is over when: (351)
Group ceases to exist
Mobilization has stopped
a. More than five years
Major antagonist accepts the group
a. Union is recognized