1. New York’s Glacial Landscape Shaped by Erosion and Deposition

3. Glaciers and New York’s Landscape Great Lakes – Erie and Ontario Glacially widened and deepened E-W stream valleys Finger Lakes Glacially deepened N-S stream valleys Mohawk Valley – “misfit” stream Glacially widened and deepened E-W stream valley Glacial Lake Albany – drained when ice left Hudson Valley

4. Glaciers and New York’s Landscape Susquehanna Valley modified to U shape Dammed by till at Wells Bridge (near Otego) Dam broke and lake drained

5. Glaciers and New York’s Landscape Hudson Valley – a fjord Glacially deepened N-S stream valley Flooded when sea level rose Salt water as far north as Poughkeepsie Tides affect river level as far north as Troy Ocean freighters can sail up to Albany – an inland seaport

6. Glaciers and New York’s Landscape Long Island Two terminal moraines Outwash plain Long Island Sound - Glacially widened stream valley flooded by rising sea level

7. Hudson Fjord, Long Island Sound, Moraines and Outwash of Long Island

8. Art and the Earth Sciences Painters of the Hudson River School Mid to late 1800’s Albert Bierstadt Frederick Church Thomas Cole Asher B. Durand Martin Johnson Heade George Inness John F. Kensett Thomas Moran

9. Kensett’s Hudson - Fjord

10. Palisades (igneous rock) along the Hudson Fjord

11. Church’s Niagara Falls – Outwash Channel

12. Glaciers and New York’s Economy Thick, fertile soils developed on till and outwash – foundation of agriculture in state Microclimate associated with Lakes Water moderates climate Warmer in winter, cooler in summer Ideal for growing grapes/producing wine Aquifers – especially in outwash Sand and gravel for construction