1. Polymer Synthesis CHEM 421 Polymer Parameters Chemical structure –Chemical composition and distribution –Sequence length and distribution Molecular weight and distribution Chain isomerism Morphology Topology Additives Cost

2. Polymer Synthesis CHEM 421 Amorphous Morphology - 80 °C - 20 °C 105 °C 290 °C Glass Transition Temperature

3. Polymer Synthesis CHEM 421 Structure-Property Relationships Boiling Point 46 g/mol Formula Weight 86 g/mol 188 g/mol Formula Weight

4. Polymer Synthesis CHEM 421 Structure-Property Relationships T m (°C) ΔG = ΔH — T ΔS

5. Polymer Synthesis CHEM 421 PE vs PTFE

6. Polymer Synthesis CHEM 421 Structure-Property Relationships T g (°C) T m (°C)

7. Polymer Synthesis CHEM 421 Polymer Parameters Chemical structure –Chemical composition and distribution –Sequence length and distribution Molecular weight and distribution Chain isomerism Morphology Topology Additives Cost

8. Polymer Synthesis CHEM 421 Topology Soluble and melt processable –Linear –Branched »Long chain »Short chain

9. Polymer Synthesis CHEM 421 Topology

10. Polymer Synthesis CHEM 421 Topology Network –Insoluble –Intractable »No flow with heat and pressure aka –Gel, cured, vulcanizate, thermoset, crosslinked Examples –Rubber, epoxy glue, etc

11. Polymer Synthesis CHEM 421 Mechanical Properties

12. Polymer Synthesis CHEM 421 Effect of Branching on Melting Transitions of PEs

13. Polymer Synthesis CHEM 421 Polymer Parameters Chemical structure –Chemical composition and distribution –Sequence length and distribution Molecular weight and distribution Chain isomerism Topology Morphology Additives Cost

14. Polymer Synthesis CHEM 421 Additives Plasticizers –PVC »Tg ≈ 80 °C »Tg ≈ ? °C w/ 2% DOP Stabilizers –Processing temperature –Operating temperature –Properties »MW »Brittleness »Discoloration »Cross-linking

15. Polymer Synthesis CHEM 421 Additives Anti-oxidants Flame retardants Colorants Dyes Fillers –Carbon black: UV screen, enhance modulus –Fibrous reinforcers: glass, carbon, polymeric, ceramics –Economic performance fillers: Saw dust, dirt, etc! Blowing agents Lubricants

16. Polymer Synthesis CHEM 421 Polymer Parameters Chemical structure –Chemical composition and distribution –Sequence length and distribution Molecular weight and distribution Chain isomerism Topology Morphology Additives Cost

17. Polymer Synthesis CHEM 421 Cost Application dependent Feedstock dependence –Raw materials cost –Recycle vs new GDP independence? Process improvements –COO –Environmental issues –Catalysts –Automation/sensors