1. Vision 21 Clean Energy Plants for the 21 st Century

2. Power Plants Gone Wild!!!! With never before seen information!! When viewing this presentation: do not use more than directed marked drowsiness may occur alcohol, sedatives, and tranquilizers may increase drowsiness be careful when driving a motor vehicle or operating machinery Stop viewing and ask a doctor if: you get nervous, dizzy or sleepless Inactive Ingredients: the presenter

3. Overview Introduction to Vision 21 Concept Goals, Methodology Timeline Viability Impact Conclusion

4. Introduction Department of Energy’s Office of Fossil Energy’s plan to create a new type of power plant that includes two *unique* features: “an emphasis on eliminating environmental issues” “efficiency maximization” Endorsed by the President’s Committee of Advisors on Science and Technology. Supports the President’s Climate Change Technology Initiative to reduce greenhouse gas emissions Industry driven and cost shared with DOE, academia, national laboratories, and other government organizations

5. Concept A future energy facility that would have virtually no environmental impact Conventional pollutants would be captured and either disposed of or converted to marketable co-products There would be no solid or liquid discharges Emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases would be reduced by ultra-high efficiency technologies. Carbon emissions could be captured at the plant or offset by carbon removal processes applied elsewhere Plant options for zero CO2 emissions would be available by 2015 The captured carbon would be sequestered or potentially recycled into useful products.

6. Objectives of Vision 21 In terms of… Power: efficiencies greater than 60% (coal) and greater than 75% (natural gas) Costs:competitive with market clearing prices at the time of deployment Environmental:near zero emissions of traditional pollutants (smog, acid rain) Greenhouse Gases: CO2 emissions reduced by 40-50% by efficiency alone; zero (net) if coupled with carbon sequestration Co-products: clean and affordable transportation quality fuels at costs equivalent to $20 barrel (or less/ 1998 $) and industrial grade heat/steam and potential for fuel grade gas

7. Key Technologies Materials: higher strength, corrosion resistant, and more durable materials R&D (of course!): catalyst and sorbent effectiveness and system design Virtual plants: simulation technology Carbon sequestration: no environmental impact!

8. The Action Plan 1999—Analysis of current system activities 2000—Development of supporting technologies 2002—Systems integration issues 2005—First spin-off technologies 2008—Industry ecology analysis completed 2010—Virtual demonstrations of supporting systems 2012—Completion of supporting technologies 2015—Complete virtual demonstration

9. Can it Happen? Is the timeline realistic? Are the goals realistic? Is there a clear cut plan and goal? …or is this just another method of procrastination, a “call for more research”?

10. Progress, so far… 8-11-99: U.S. DOE chooses three projects to kick start Vision 21: Waste Management and Processors, Inc., Dynegy Power Corp., and Texaco Natural Gas, Inc. for three projects concepts 10-1999: First major competition held for a new type of fossil fuel plant (set of chosen projects will run for three years) 3-00: DOE Selects First Vision 21 Projects to Design the Energy Plant of the Future 8-00: DOE selects seven new projects 6-01: DOE selects new projects, in third round, to test materials

11. Conclusion Vision 21 at first sounds like a great plan, filled with ambitious goals that can eventually benefit the US, but it is unclear whether or not it is merely a political ploy to distract concerned citizens with big words and promises.

12. By viewing the next slide, you are certifying that you are 18 and over… mature content!!

13. Power Plants!! Demonstrations!! Fluidized Bed Combustions! New Methods!! Coal and sorbent conveyors seen just after entering the Ohio’s Tidd Plant!! Full frontal demonstrations in Ohio!!! Conveyor leading to coal storage facility in Reno’s Pinon Pine Power Project!

14. Power Plants! Power Plants! Power Plants! And MORE Power Plants!! Design for a Vision 21 plant (don’t ask) Just a power plant in University of Northern Iowa Dyslexia kicked in… sorry…