1. 2004-2005 Chemotherapeutics Review 14 July 2015 5:22 AM

2. Abacavir Antiretroviral Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)

3. Acyclovir Antiherpes Purine analog Phosphorylated to inhibitor of viral DNA polymerase

4. Albendazole Antihelminthic Treatment of intestinal roundworms

5. Alemtuzumab Antineoplastic Anti-CD52 antibody

6. Amantadine Antiviral Antiparkinson Treatment of Influenza A Inhibits replication at the stage of uncoating

7. Amikacin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Freezes initiation

8. Aminoglutethimide Antineoplastic Immunosuppressive Glucocorticoid antagonist Aromatase inhibitor (decreases steroid synthesis)

9. Aminoglycosides Antibiotics Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitors 30S ribosome Freeze initiation

10. Ampicillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Amino penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

11. Amphotericin B Antifungal Polyene antibiotic Binds to ergosterol and alters permeability Systemic

12. Amsacrine Antineoplastic Miscellaneous

13. Anastrozole Antineoplastic Antiestrogen Aromatase inhibitor

14. Anti-thymocyte globulin Immunosuppressive Anti-T cell antibody

15. Arsenicals Tropical antiparasitic Treatment of African Trypanosomiasis in CNS Melarsoprol

16. L-asparaginase Antineoplastic Protein synthesis inhibitor

17. Atovaquone Antimalarial Depolarizes parasitic mitochondria and inhibits electron transport

18. Azathioprine Immunosuppressive Antineoplastic Antimetabolite (“pseudofeedback inhibition” of HGPRT and PRP)

19. Azithromycin Macrolide antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosome Inhibits translocation

20. Aztreonam New  lactam antibiotic Monobactam

21. Bacitracin Antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Topical, not a  lactam, Inhibits dephosphorylation of bactoprenol

22. Basiliximab Immunosuppressive Anti-CD25 (interleukin 2 receptor) Organ transplant (antirejection)

23. Benzathine penicillin G Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking Repository preparation

24. Bleomycin Antineoplastic Natural product Antibiotic

25. Busulfan Antineoplastic Alkylating Agent

26. Carbenicillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Anti-pseudomonal penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

27. Carmustine (BCNU) Antineoplastic Alkylating Agent

28. Cefaclor Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 2 nd generation Oral

29. Cefadroxil Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 1 st generation Oral

30. Cefepime Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 4 th generation CSF penetration

31. Cefotaxime Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 3 rd generation CSF penetration

32. Cefoxitin Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 2 nd generation

33. Ceftazidime Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 3 rd generation

34. Ceftriaxone Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 3 rd generation CSF penetration

35. Cefuroxime Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 2 nd generation CSF penetration

36. Cephalexin Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 1 st generation Oral

37. Cephalosporins Antibiotics  lactam Cell wall synthesis inhibitors Inhibit cross-linking of peptidoglycan

38. Cephalothin Cephalosporin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor 1 st generation Oral

39. Chloramphenicol Antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosome Inhibits peptide bond formation

40. Chloroquine Antimalarial Intercalates in DNA Binds to ferriprotoporphyrin

41. Cidofovir Antiherpes Pyrimidine analog Phosphorylated to inhibitor of viral DNA polymerase

42. Ciprofloxacin Fluoroquinolone antibiotic DNA replication inhibitor Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase

43. Cisplatin Antineoplastic Miscellaneous Cross-linking agent

44. Clarithromycin Macrolide antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor Antiulcer 50S ribosome Inhibits translocation

45. Clavulanic acid  -lactamase inhibitor Combined with antibacterials

46. Clindamycin Antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosome Anaerobic infections

47. Clotrimazole Imidazole antifungal Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol Lanosterol 14  demethylase inhibitor

48. Cloxacillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Penicillinase resistant penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

49. Cyclophosphamide Antineoplastic Alkylating Agent

50. Cycloserine Antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Secondary TB drug Inhibits formation of Park nucleotide

51. Cyclosporine Immunosuppressive Antineoplastic Binds cyclophilin Inhibits calcineurin

52. Cyproterone acetate Antiandrogen Antineoplastic androgen receptor antagonist

53. Cytarabine (AraC) Antineoplastic Antimetabolite

54. Dacarbazine Antineoplastic Alkylating Agent

55. Daclizumab Immunosuppressive Anti-CD25 (interleukin 2 receptor) antibody Organ transplant (anti-rejection)

56. Dactinomycin Antineoplastic Natural product Antibiotic

57. Dapsone Sulfone antibiotic Nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase Leprosy

58. Daunorubicin Antineoplastic Anthracycline antibiotic Natural product

59. Delavirdine Antiretroviral Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)

60. Dexamethasone Adrenocorticosteroid Glucocorticoid Antineoplastic Anti-inflammatory steroid Not by inhalation

61. Didanosine Antiretroviral Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) Dideoxyinosine (ddI)

62. Diethylcarbamazine Antihelminthic Treatment of intestinal and tissue roundworms

63. Doxorubicin Antineoplastic Anthracycline antibiotic Natural product

64. Doxycycline Tetracycline antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Prevents aminoacyl tRNA attachment

65. Efavirenz Antiretroviral Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)

66. Enfuvirtide (T-20) Antiretroviral Fusion inhibitor

67. Erythromycin Macrolide antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosome Inhibits translocation

68. Ethambutol Antibiotic Major drug for tuberculosis

69. Ethionamide Antibiotic Secondary drug for tuberculosis

70. Etoposide Antineoplastic Natural product Plant alkaloid

71. Exemestane Antineoplastic Antiestrogen Aromatase Inhibitor

72. Famciclovir Antiherpes Purine analog Phosphorylated to an inhibitor of viral DNA polymerase

73. Fluconazole Triazole antifungal Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14  demethylase

74. Flucytosine Antifungal Converted by fungi to 5-fluorouracil  faulty RNA and DNA synthesis

75. Fluorinated Quinolones ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin Antibiotics DNA replication inhibitors Inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase

76. 5-Fluorouracil Antineoplastic Antimetabolite Thymidylate synthase inhibitor

77. Foscarnet Antiherpes Pyrophosphate analog Directly inhibits viral DNA polymerase

78. Fulvestrant Antineoplastic Antiestrogen Estrogen receptor antagonist

79. Ganciclovir Antiherpes Purine analog Phosphorylated to an inhibitor of viral DNA polymerase

80. Gemtuzumab Antineoplastic Anti-CD33 antibody

81. Gentamicin Aminoglycoside antibiotic bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Freezes initiation

82. Goserelin Antineoplastic Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist

83. Griseofulvin Antifungal Binds to microtubules

84. Hydroxyurea Antineoplastic Miscellaneous Ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor

85. Ibritumomab Antineoplastic Anti-CD20 antibody

86. Imatinib Antineoplastic Miscellaneous Tyrosine kinase inhibitor

87. Imipenem/Cilastatin New  lactam antibiotic Cilastatin inhibits a kidney dipeptidase that inactivates imipenem

88. Indinavir Antiretroviral Protease inhibitor (PI)

89. Interferon alpha Antiviral for hepatitis Antineoplastic Cytokine Anti-angiogenesis

90. Interleukin 2 Cytokine Antineoplastic

91. Interleukin 11 Cytokine Antineoplastic (supporting agent)

92. Iodoquinol Antiparasitic Treatment of protozoal infections

93. Iressa Antineoplastic Miscellaneous Tyrosine kinase inhibitor

94. Isoniazid Antibiotic Inhibits biosynthesis of mycolic acids Major drug for tuberculosis

95. Itraconazole Triazole antifungal Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14  demethylase

96. Ivermectin Antihelminthic Treatment of intestinal and tissue roundworms

97. Ketoconazole Imidazole antifungal Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14  demethylase

98. Lamivudine Antiretroviral Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)

99. Letrozole Antineoplastic Antiestrogen Aromatase Inhibitor

100. Leucovorin Antineoplastic (supporting agent) Folic acid analogue (used in methotrexate rescue)

101. Leuprolide Antineoplastic Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist

102. Linezolid Oxazolidinone antibiotic Protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosomal subunit

103. Lomustine (CCNU) Antineoplastic Alkylating Agent

104. Macrolides erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin Antibiotics Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitors 50S ribosome

105. Mebendazole Antihelminthic Treatment of intestinal roundworms

106. Mechlorethamine Antineoplastic Alkylating Agent

107. Mefloquine Antimalarial Treatment and prophylaxis for chloroquine resistant Plasmodium

108. Meglumine antimonate Tropical antiparasitic Organic antimonial Treatment of Leishmaniasis

109. Melarsoprol Tropical antiparasitic Treatment of African Trypanosomiasis in CNS

110. Melphalan Antineoplastic Alkylating Agent

111. 6-Mercaptopurine Antineoplastic Antimetabolite (“pseudofeedback inhibition” of HGPRT and PRP – purine synthesis)

112. Mesna Antineoplastic (supporting agent) Prevent hemorrhagic cystitis due to cyclophosphamide

113. Methenamine Urinary tract antiseptic Decomposes to formaldehyde in acidic environment

114. Methicillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Pencillinase resistant penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

115. Methotrexate Immunosuppressive Antineoplastic Folic acid antagonist Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor

116. Metronidazole Antibiotic Antiparasitic Antiulcer Anaerobes Reduction leads to intermediates that damage DNA

117. Miconazole Imidazole antifungal Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14  demethylase

118. Minocycline Tetracycline antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Prevents aminoacyl tRNA attachment

119. Mitomycin C Antineoplastic Natural product Antibiotic

120. Muromonab-CD3 Immunosuppressive Mouse monoclonal anti-CD3 antibody Organ transplant (anti-rejection)

121. Mycophenolate Immunosuppressive Inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase activity

122. Nafcillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Penicillinase resistant penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

123. Nalidixic acid Urinary tract antiseptic Quinolone Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase

124. Neomycin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Freezes initiation Topical

125. Netilmicin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Freezes initiation

126. Nevirapine Antiretroviral Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)

127. Nifurtimox Tropical antiparasitic Treatment of South American Trypanosomiasis; Chagas disease

128. Nitrofurantoin Urinary tract antiseptic Reduction leads to intermediates that damage DNA

129. Norfloxacin Fluoroquinolone antibiotic DNA replication inhibitor Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase

130. Nystatin Antifungal Polyene antibiotic Binds to ergosterol & alters permeability Topical

131. Organic antimonials Tropical antiparasitic Treatment of Leishmaniasis sodium stibogluconate meglumine antimonate

132. Oseltamivir Antiviral Inhibits neuraminidase and decreases viral release Treatment of Influenza A & B

133. Oxacillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Pencillinase resistant penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

134. Oxytetracycline Tetracycline antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Prevents aminoacyl tRNA attachment

135. Paclitaxel Antineoplastic Natural product Plant alkaloid (taxane)

136. Palivizumab Antiviral Monoclonal antibody against the surface of respiratory syncytial virus

137. Para-aminosalicylic acid Antibiotic Nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase Secondary TB drug

138. Paromomycin Antiparasitic Aminoglycoside antibiotic Treatment of protozoal infections

139. Penciclovir Antiherpes Purine analog Phosphorylated to inhibitor of viral DNA polymerase

140. Penicillins  lactam antibiotics Cell wall synthesis inhibitors Inhibit cross-linking of peptidoglycan

141. Penicillin G Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Acid labile Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

142. Penicillin V Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor More acid resistant than Penicillin G Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

143. Pentostatin Antineoplastic Miscellaneous Enzyme inhibitor (blocks purine synthesis)

144. Piperacillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Anti-pseudomonal penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

145. Polymyxin B Antibiotic Disrupts gram negative cell membrane Binds phosphatidylethanolamine Bactericidal

146. Praziquantel Antihelminthic Treatment of trematode (fluke) and cestode (tapeworm) infections

147. Primaquine Antimalarial Eliminates hepatic forms of plasmodium

148. Procaine Penicillin G Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Repository preparation Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

149. Pyrantel Pamoate Antihelminthic Treatment of intestinal roundworms

150. Pyrazinamide Antibiotic Major drug for tuberculosis

151. Pyrimethamine Antimalarial Protein and nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor Plasmodial dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor

152. Ribavirin Antiviral Primarily used as aerosol for respiratory syncytial virus

153. Rifampin Antibiotic Nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor Inhibits DNA dependent RNA polymerase Major drug for TB

154. Rimantadine Antiviral Inhibits replication at the stage of uncoating Treatment of Influenza A

155. Ritonavir Antiretroviral Protease inhibitor (PI)

156. Rituxumab Antineoplastic Anti-CD20 antibody

157. Saquinavir Antiretroviral Protease inhibitor (PI)

158. Silver sulfadiazine Sulfonamide antibiotic Microbial nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase Topical

159. Sirolimus Immunosuppressive Binds FKBP, inhibits mTOR (mammalian kinase target of rapamycin) & cell cycle progression Rapamycin

160. Sodium stibogluconate Tropical antiparasitic Organic antimonial Treatment of Leishmaniasis

161. Spectinomycin Antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome

162. Streptomycin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Freezes initiation

163. Sulfacetamide Sulfonamide antibiotic Microbial nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase Topical

164. Sulfadoxine Sulfonamide antibiotic Microbial nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Dihydropteroate synthetase inhibitor

165. Sulfamethoxazole Sulfonamide antibiotic Microbial nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase

166. Sulfisoxazole Sulfonamide antibiotic Nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase

167. Sulfonamides Antibiotics Nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitors Inhibit dihydropteroate synthetase

168. Suramin Tropical antiparasitic Treatment of African Trypanosomiasis

169. Tacrolimus Immunosuppressive Antineoplastic Binds FKBP (FK506 binding protein) Inhibits calcineurin

170. Tamoxifen Antineoplastic Antiestrogen Estrogen receptor anatagonist

171. Terbinafine Allylamine antifungal Inhibits ergosterol synthesis by inhibiting squalene epoxidase

172. Tetracycline Antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor Antiulcer 30S ribosome Prevents aminoacyl tRNA attachment

173. Thalidomide Antineoplastic Anti-angiogenic Anti-TNF  Leprosy (not antibiotic)

174. Thiabendazole Antihelminthic Treatment of intestinal roundworms

175. 6-Thioguanine Antineoplastic Antimetabolite (“pseudofeedback inhibition” of HGPRT and PRP – purine synthesis)

176. Thiotepa Antineoplastic Alkylating agent

177. Ticarcillin Penicillin antibiotic Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Anti-pseudomonal penicillin Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

178. Tobramycin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor 30S ribosome Freezes initiation

179. Trastuzumab Antineoplastic Anti-HER2 antibody

180. Trifluridine Antiherpes Pyrimidine analog Phosphorylated to inhibitor of viral DNA polymerase

181. Trimethoprim Antibiotic Protein and nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor Inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductase

182. Trimetrexate Antibiotic Folic acid antagonist Treatment for Pneumocystis carinii

183. Tumor necrosis factor  Cytokine Antineoplastic

184. Valacyclovir Antiherpes Purine analog Phosphorylated to inhibitor of viral DNA polymerase

185. Valganciclovir Antiherpes Purine analog Phosphorylated to inhibitor of viral DNA polymerase

186. Vancomycin Antibiotic Inhibits cell wall synthesis Not a  lactam

187. Vinblastine Antineoplastic Vinca alkaloid Natural product

188. Vincristine Antineoplastic Vinca alkaloid Natural product

189. Voriconazole Triazole antifungal Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14  demethylase

190. Zalcitabine Antiretroviral Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) Dideoxycytidine (ddC)

191. Zanamivir Antiviral Inhibits neuraminidase and decreases viral release Treatment of Influenza A & B

192. Zidovudine Antiretroviral Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) Azidothymidine (AZT)