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CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering CE4505 Surface Water Quality Engineering Modeling Lecture 2. Model Development.

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Presentation on theme: "CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering CE4505 Surface Water Quality Engineering Modeling Lecture 2. Model Development."— Presentation transcript:

1 CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering CE4505 Surface Water Quality Engineering Modeling Lecture 2. Model Development

2 Empirical Models Secchi disk and chlorophyll (Chapra 1997, Figure 29.6) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

3 Empirical Models Vollenwieder plot (Chapra 1997, Figure 29.1) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

4 (Chapra 1997, Figure 29.4) Linked Empirical-Mechanistic Models CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

5 Mechanistic Mass Balance Models (Chapra 1997, Figure 1.5) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

6 (Chapra 1997, Figure 18.8) Temporal Resolution CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

7 Spatial Resolution (Chapra 1997, Figure 16.1) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

8 Time and Space Scale of Water Quality Problems (Chapra 1997, Figure 18.9) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

9 Kinetic Resolution Total Phosphorus Available Particulate Phosphorus Refractory Particulate Phosphorus Dissolved Organic Phosphorus Soluble Reactive Phosphorus CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

10 Things should be made as simple as possible -- but no simpler. Albert Einstein image source: www.physik.uni-frankfurt.de/~jr/physpiceinstein.htmlwww.physik.uni-frankfurt.de/~jr/physpiceinstein.html The Guiding Principle CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

11 unlimited cost cost cost +  $ desired reliability Model Complexity Model Reliability Defensible, Credible, Cost-Effective CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

12 Model Complexity Screening  Management  Research Striking a Balance CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

13 1925-1960 (Streeter-Phelps) Problems: untreated and primary effluent Pollutants: BOD Systems: streams and estuaries (1D) Kinetics: linear, feed forward Solutions: analytical Modeling: Historical Development (Chapra 1997) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

14 1960-1970 (Computerization) Problems: primary and secondary effluent Pollutants: BOD Systems: streams and estuaries (1D/2D) Kinetics: linear, feed forward Solutions: analytical and numerical Modeling: Historical Development (Chapra 1997) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

15 1970-1977 (Biology) Problems: eutrophication Pollutants: nutrients Systems: streams, lakes and estuaries (1D/2D/3D) Kinetics: nonlinear, feedback Solutions: numerical Modeling: Historical Development (Chapra 1997) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

16 1977- 2000 (Toxics) Problems: toxics Pollutants: organics, metals Systems: sediment-water interactions food chain interations, streams, lakes and estuaries Kinetics: linear, feed forward Solutions: analytical Modeling: Historical Development (Chapra 1997) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

17 2000 - present (Ecosytems) Problems: ecosystem change, climate, invasives Pollutants: natural components – carbon, nutrients, organisms Systems: primary production, food web interactions Kinetics: nonlinear, feedback Solutions: numerical Modeling: Historical Development (Chapra 1997) Benthic Invertebrates Phytoplankton Whitefish CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

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