1. Stormwater Outlets Effectiveness of the Options

2. Stormwater Outlets Several options are available, such as the infiltration basins under the parking lots on campus. Pollutants must be considered when dealing with stormwater. The guidelines call for New Jersey call for suspended solids to be reduced by at least 80%, and for nutrient content to be reduced by the maximum feasible amount. Rooftop runoff is considered “clean,” and can therefore be dealt with through different strategies that don’t remove pollutants.

3. Bioretention Cells Use native plants and organic layers to filter stormwater as it infiltrates into the ground. Native plants have the added benefit of requiring less maintenance and watering. A list of native plants can be found at http://www.georgian.edu/pineb arrens/www.georgian.edu/pineb arrens/ Can be easily added to existing buildings. Cost efficient. Total Phosphorous Removal Rate (%) Total Nitrogen Removal Rate (%) Total Suspended Solids Removal Rate (%) 603090 http://www.epa.gov/owow/nps/bioretention.pdf

4. Rain Gardens and Stockton Stockton is an ideal environment to become a leader in bioretention research. The sandy soils in the Pinelands facilitate quick drainage. Relatively uniform topography would help keep construction costs down, as well as provide numerous areas to perform research. Raingarden in the Pinelands http://www.icdc.com/~larsende/land.htm

5. Vegetative Filters Areas of vegetation designed to remove pollutants from runoff. Stormwater must enter and flow through filter as sheet flow for effective removal capabilities. Design must incorporate an evenly graded slope, determined by both the vegetation and soil type. Indigenous plants are most effective. Total Phosphorous Removal Rate (%) Total Nitrogen Removal Rate (%) Total Suspended Solids Removal Rate (%) 30 60-80 Vegetative CoverAdopted TSS Removal Rate Turf Grass60 Native Grasses, Meadow, And plated Woods 70 Indigenous Woods80

6. Constructed Stormwater Wetlands Designed to handle runoff from areas from 10 to 25 acres. Remove high percentages of pollutants. Provides new habitat for wildlife. Not suitable in areas of existing wetlands. Total Phosphorous Removal Rate (%) Total Nitrogen Removal Rate (%) Total Suspended Solids Removal Rate (%) 503090 http://www.thcahill.com/wetlands.htmlwww.thcahill.com/wetlands.html

7. Infiltration Structures Designed to allow stormwater to recharge groundwater while removing pollutants. Must be designed to drain within 72 hours to prevent water quality and mosquito problems. Should not be used in areas with high levels of pollutants, to prevent contamination of groundwater. Total Phosphorous Removal Rate (%) Total Nitrogen Removal Rate (%) Total Suspended Solids Removal Rate (%) 605080 http://clean-water.uwex.edu/plan/drbasins.htm

8. Pervious Paving Used to decrease runoff from paved areas. Suitable for light duty applications, such as parking lots and sidewalks. Can be used to decrease demand on other structural systems. http://www.psat.wa.gov/Publications/LID_studies/permeable_pavement.htm

9. Dry Wells Dry wells are specialized infiltration structures designed to recharge groundwater with clean roof runoff. They do not remove pollutants, so they cannot be used to handle other stormwater. http://www.njstormwater.org/tier_A/pdf/NJ_SWBMP_9.3%20print.pdf

10. Green Roofs Vegetative cover on roofs of buildings. Can reduce runoff by up to 75%. Have the added benefit of adding to the heating and cooling efficiency of the building. http://www.hrt.msu.edu/greenroof/WebSite%20Images/19%20%20ChicagoCityHallAerial%2062703.jpgwww.hrt.msu.edu/greenroof/WebSite%20Images/19%20%20ChicagoCityHallAerial%2062703.jpg