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Á L V A R O S Á N C H E Z M O N G E B A R C E L O N A - N O V E M B E R 23, 2006 Centimeter and Millimeter Emission from Selected High-Mass Star-Forming.

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Presentation on theme: "Á L V A R O S Á N C H E Z M O N G E B A R C E L O N A - N O V E M B E R 23, 2006 Centimeter and Millimeter Emission from Selected High-Mass Star-Forming."— Presentation transcript:

1 Á L V A R O S Á N C H E Z M O N G E B A R C E L O N A - N O V E M B E R 23, 2006 Centimeter and Millimeter Emission from Selected High-Mass Star-Forming Regions

2 ÁLVARO SÁNCHEZ MONGE - BARCELONA NOVEMBER 23, 2006 2 CENTIMETER AND MILLIMETER EMISSION FROM SELECTED HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGIONS INTRODUCTION Isolated mode Typically, one star per core of dense gas Low-Mass Star-Forming Regions Clustered mode A group of stars in a single massive dense core Low-Mass Star-Forming Regions High-Mass Star-Forming Regions Our aim is to study YSOs forming in the surroundings of high-mass stars. We need to study the gas and dust condensations with: high-angular resolution. high sensitivity. STAR FORMATION

3 ÁLVARO SÁNCHEZ MONGE - BARCELONA NOVEMBER 23, 2006 3 CENTIMETER AND MILLIMETER EMISSION FROM SELECTED HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGIONS SELECTION CRITERIA We need candidates to massive protostarsSelected from the lists compiled by Molinari et al. 1996 (A&A, 308, 573) Mueller et al. 2002 (ApJS, 143, 469) Sridharan et al. 2002 (ApJ, 634, L57) Distance  3.5 kpc We want to study the surroundings of high-mass star-forming regions. IRAS bolometric luminosity  1000 L  Strong millimeter emission in single-dish (I 1.2 mm  100 mJy beam -1 ) Weak centimeter emission (S 3.6 cm  10 mJy) to be sensitive to low-mass condensations of  1 M  to select intermediate/high-mass targetsto assures a young evolutionary stage of the massive star-forming region to assures that the HII region is not evolved enough to have disrupted the surrounding material For 10 regions we found no available cm & mm data in the literature

4 ÁLVARO SÁNCHEZ MONGE - BARCELONA NOVEMBER 23, 2006 4 CENTIMETER AND MILLIMETER EMISSION FROM SELECTED HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGIONS OBSERVATIONS IRAM 30m MPIfR 117-element bolometer array MAMBO we map the dust continuum emission at 1.2 mm VLA (Very Large Array) we observed the radio-continuum emisson at 3.6 and 1.3 cm

5 ÁLVARO SÁNCHEZ MONGE - BARCELONA NOVEMBER 23, 2006 5 CENTIMETER AND MILLIMETER EMISSION FROM SELECTED HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGIONS RESULTS centimeter sources detected in the survey with the flux density at 3.6 and 1.3 cm we can estimate the spectral index  12 can be classified as HII regions physical parameters of the UCHII regions

6 ÁLVARO SÁNCHEZ MONGE - BARCELONA NOVEMBER 23, 2006 6 CENTIMETER AND MILLIMETER EMISSION FROM SELECTED HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGIONS YOUNG CLUSTERS centimeter compact sources millimeter emission 2MASS source with small infrared excess Young Cluster * * Klein et al. 2005 (ApJSS, 161, 361)

7 ÁLVARO SÁNCHEZ MONGE - BARCELONA NOVEMBER 23, 2006 7 CENTIMETER AND MILLIMETER EMISSION FROM SELECTED HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGIONS IRAS 00117 + 6412 L = 1300 L  d = 1.8 kpc Spectral index (VLA 2+3): 0.5 ± 0.2 Spectral type: B 2 M dust = 40 M  NH 3 detected Black:3.6 cm White:1.3 cm Green:1.2 mm Crosses:2MASS sources Ellipse:IRAS ellipsoide Good Candidate to study interactions between YSOs

8 ÁLVARO SÁNCHEZ MONGE - BARCELONA NOVEMBER 23, 2006 8 CENTIMETER AND MILLIMETER EMISSION FROM SELECTED HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGIONS IRAS 18171 - 1548 L = 7900 L  d = 2.6 kpc Spectral index (VLA 2): 0.4 ± 0.3 Spectral type: B 1 M dust = 160 M  Black:3.6 cm White:1.3 cm Green:1.2 mm Crosses:2MASS sources Ellipse:IRAS ellipsoide

9 ÁLVARO SÁNCHEZ MONGE - BARCELONA NOVEMBER 23, 2006 9 CENTIMETER AND MILLIMETER EMISSION FROM SELECTED HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGIONS IRAS 19045 + 0813 L = 1600 L  d = 1.6 kpc Spectral index (VLA 8): 1.0 ± 0.3 Spectral type: B 2.5 M dust = 11 M  Black:3.6 cm White:1.3 cm Green:1.2 mm Crosses:2MASS sources Ellipse:IRAS ellipsoide

10 ÁLVARO SÁNCHEZ MONGE - BARCELONA NOVEMBER 23, 2006 10 CENTIMETER AND MILLIMETER EMISSION FROM SELECTED HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGIONS EVOLVED PROTOCLUSTERS centimeter compact sources millimeter emission 2MASS source with high infrared excess Evolved ProtoCluster * * Klein et al. 2005 (ApJSS, 161, 361)

11 ÁLVARO SÁNCHEZ MONGE - BARCELONA NOVEMBER 23, 2006 11 CENTIMETER AND MILLIMETER EMISSION FROM SELECTED HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGIONS IRAS 04579 + 4703 Spectral index (VLA 1): < 1.1 Spectral type: B 2.5 Black:3.6 cm White:1.3 cm Green:1.2 mm Crosses:2MASS sources Ellipse:IRAS ellipsoide L = 4000 L  d = 2.5 kpc M dust = 26 M  NH 3 detected

12 ÁLVARO SÁNCHEZ MONGE - BARCELONA NOVEMBER 23, 2006 12 CENTIMETER AND MILLIMETER EMISSION FROM SELECTED HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGIONS NGC 7538 - IRS 9 Spectral index (VLA 2): > -1.3 Spectral type: B 1 L = 40000 L  d = 2.8 kpc Spectral index (VLA 3): > -0.1 Black:3.6 cm White:1.3 cm Green:1.2 mm Crosses:2MASS sources Ellipse:IRAS ellipsoide Blue lines:outflows Spectral type: B 1.5 M dust = 40 M  NH 3 detected

13 ÁLVARO SÁNCHEZ MONGE - BARCELONA NOVEMBER 23, 2006 13 CENTIMETER AND MILLIMETER EMISSION FROM SELECTED HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGIONS PROTOCLUSTERS centimeter compact sources millimeter emission no 2MASS source associated ProtoCluster * * Klein et al. 2005 (ApJSS, 161, 361)

14 ÁLVARO SÁNCHEZ MONGE - BARCELONA NOVEMBER 23, 2006 14 CENTIMETER AND MILLIMETER EMISSION FROM SELECTED HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGIONS IRAS 22198 + 6336 L = 1300 L  d = 1.3 kpc Spectral index (VLA 3): 1.3 ± 0.4 Spectral type: B 3 M dust = 25 M  NH 3 detected Black:3.6 cm White:1.3 cm Green:1.2 mm Crosses:2MASS sources Ellipse:IRAS ellipsoide The Youngest Massive Star of this Survey

15 ÁLVARO SÁNCHEZ MONGE - BARCELONA NOVEMBER 23, 2006 15 CENTIMETER AND MILLIMETER EMISSION FROM SELECTED HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGIONS “EXTRA” centimeter emission displaced with respect to the millimeter emission no 2MASS associated “Extra”

16 ÁLVARO SÁNCHEZ MONGE - BARCELONA NOVEMBER 23, 2006 16 CENTIMETER AND MILLIMETER EMISSION FROM SELECTED HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGIONS “EXTRA” (1) IRAS 20293 + 4007 IRAS 22187 + 5559 no 2MASS source millimeter emission displaced no 2MASS source millimeter emission displaced extended emission

17 ÁLVARO SÁNCHEZ MONGE - BARCELONA NOVEMBER 23, 2006 17 CENTIMETER AND MILLIMETER EMISSION FROM SELECTED HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGIONS “EXTRA” (2) IRAS 23448 + 6010 IRAS 18123 - 1203 cluster of 2MASS sources millimeter emission displaced extended emission no 2MASS source millimeter emission displaced 3.6 cm emission displaced 1.3 cm emission displaced

18 ÁLVARO SÁNCHEZ MONGE - BARCELONA NOVEMBER 23, 2006 18 CENTIMETER AND MILLIMETER EMISSION FROM SELECTED HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGIONS SUMMARY We have studied 10 regions at mm & cm wavelengths We have found 12 HII regions, most of them UCHII regions In all the cases, a B type star is required to ionize the gas We can classify the UCHII regions in different evolutionary stages IRAS 00117+6412 is a good candidate to study the surrounding material (a complete study of this source will be presented in Busquet et al.)

19 Á L V A R O S Á N C H E Z M O N G E B A R C E L O N A - N O V E M B E R 23, 2006 Thank You ! Centimeter and Millimeter Emission from Selected High-Mass Star-Forming Regions

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