1. Industrial Ecology Pathways to Sustainability in Östergötland Tekniska Verken and Linköping University: Co-operation is a Learning Process 21 January 2011 Leo Baas University of Linköping, Environmental Technology & Management From Two Natural Systems to....:

2. 2 ….. One natural symbiosis system: Can Industrial Ecology Mimick Nature?

3. 3 Industrial Ecology definition Industrial ecology is described as: An integrated system, in which the consumption of energy and materials is optimised and the effluents of one process serve as the raw material(s) or energy for another process (Frosch & Gallopoulos, Scientific American:1989)

4. 4 Industrial Ecology: Interconnectedness of Physical & Social Systems  Physical Systems: Technology, Material and Energy Flows interconnectedness  Social Systems: Individuals, Organisations, Culture, Values, Institutions

5. 5 Industrial Symbiosis is seen as a process whereby materials, water, energy in the techno-sphere and informational, organizational and management flows at the institutional level between and among companies are investigated with the objective of developing and improving co-operative links between/among them Industrial Symbiosis

6. 6 Circular Economy The Circular Economy approach to resource- use efficiency integrates cleaner production and industrial ecology in a broader system encompassing industrial firms, networks or chains of firms, eco-industrial parks, and regional infrastructure to support resource optimization Circular economy balances economic development with environmental and resources protection

7. 7 Social Embeddedness Human activities are embedded: they are shaped by the context in which they occur

8. 8 Cognitive embeddedness Where do we look for, how actors make decisions The way in which individuals and organisations collect and use information, make sense of their environment Bounded rationality: Assumption of a rational actor model; however, individuals and organisations have limited capacities for information processing and decision-making Systems thinking: No organisation functions in complete isolation; Individuals have different strategies for problem solving

9. 9 Development strategies The planned project approach: management by industry, government or special organization: by- products sharing and links of utilities The uncovering resource links approach: detection of by-product synergy as illustration for further IS development The anchor tenant approach: links around a big company The co-siting approach: restructuring an industrial site with new companies and IS links The synthesis approach: learning from the approaches above

10. 10 Industrial Ecology Journals Journal of Cleaner Production, since 1993 Special issues on Industrial Ecology since 1995, published by Elsevier Journal of Industrial Ecology, since 1997 Initiative Yale University, first volumes published by MIT Press, currently Wiley & Sons Progress in Industrial Ecology, since 2004, Inderscience publishers

11. 11 Agreement Tekniska Verken and Linköping University The long term Industrial Ecology Research Programme 2009 – 2019 will contribute to the establishment of the Östergötland region as a leading research, education, and knowledge dissemination centre with respect to clean technology, industrial symbiosis*, waste to energy, and bio fuel applications on a sound economic basis through the results of Ph.D. research and continuous evaluation of sustainability projects in practice (www.iei.liu.se/envtech) *Industrial Symbiosis refers to application in industrial parks

12. 12 Industrial Ecology Conferences Gordon Conferences Industrial Ecology, since 1998 International Society for Industrial Ecology (ISIE), since 2001, with bi-annual meetings: Noordwijk, Ann Arbor, Stockholm, Toronto, Lisbon Industrial Symbiosis Research Symposium, since 2004: New Haven, Stockholm, Birmingham, Toronto, New London, Kalundborg, (Kawasaki: Nov. 2010)

13. 13 Industrial Ecology Research Programme Towards a 100% Renewable Resources Östergötland

14. 14 The Industrial Ecology Research Programme works within the following research areas: Regional Industrial Symbiosis Renewable resources in Industrial Symbiosis Industrial symbiosis and Large Technical Systems Industrial Ecology Research Programme

15. 15 Resilience model for Environmental Technology and Management Metabolism material and energy Social and business dynamics Technical systems and infrastructure Governance and institutions Research field

16. 16 Discussion on the development of a research programme Idea Fund provider Holistic Draft proposal Total -Designing Modified proposal - Implementing -Expressed in Final proposal - Expressed in Value Business application Detail Agreement

17. 17 Scope of research projects and their time frame Scope of research projects Time frame Time period ExploringS0,3 – 0,5 year OperationalM0,5 – 1 year StrategicM – L1 – 2 year FundamentalL1 – 4 year

18. 18 Planned Research Projects in 2010/2011 Greenhouses: utilization of waste heat and CO 2 Synergies for 1st generation bio-fuels Landfill mining

19. 19 Ph.D. candidates, related to IERP Saeid Hatefi Pour: Mapping Östergötland, Sustainable Norrköping Carolina Ersson: Bio-fuels synergies Per Frändegård:Landfill mining Nils Johansson:Landfill mining Santiago Mejia Durand: CleanTech and MegaCities

20. 20 Industrial Symbiosis Ph.D. course in April – September 2010 Obligatory and optional readings of scientific articles and a Ph.D.-thesis: 1 – hour: article presentation + discussion Meeting internationally acknowledged researchers in industrial symbiosis: Marian Chertow, Noel Brings Jacobsen, Leo Baas, Anna Wolf Experiencing Industrial Symbiosis in practice in the region

21. 21 Levels of Industrial Ecology activities and Information Exchange Regional: Mapping resource flows, bio-fuel synergies, landfill mining, regional excellence centre National: Industrial Ecology in Sweden: a National Expert Conference (22 (?) March 2011) International: Academic visit Prof. Marian Chertow, Yale University (27-30 April, 2010) European Industrial Symbiosis Researchers Workshop (26-28 August, 2010) 20 th Greening of Industry Network Conference (October 2012) Presentations in China, Korea and México in 2010, in Brazil in 2011

22. 22 From regional efficiency to a sustainable industrial district from a 'system theory' perspective Regional efficiency Regional learning Sustainable Östergötland