1. Nuclear Cookies Client: Idaho National Lab Project: Salt Removal

2. Problem Statement During normal operation an electro- refiner produces a small amount of plutonium that builds up. When the plutonium concentration gets too high a portion of the salt must be removed. The scope of this project is to remove a volume of salt from the ER and parse it into appropriately sized cubes for transport to a grinder.

3. Mock-up of ER Once we have a solid lead on which route we are going down we can use this mock-up to simulate things like the bucket lowering into the ER, or the conveyor removing something like water from the tank below. Will have metal plate over this hole with a more precisely machined hole

4. Pulley/Conveyor Concept 1.Individual cube containers scoop out salt 2.Cubes are transported using a conveyor system 3.Salt freezes on the way up 4.Cubes fall out on the way down 5.Cubes slide down on ramp to storage container Freezing Range

5. Pulley System Advantages High upside (can remove required amount of salt in about 7.5-15 hours once it starts running) Can run continuously (don't have to wait for salt to freeze) Can remove all salt from electrorefiner Very little handling while operating No complex parts to machine Disadvantages Most complex design with most number of parts that can fail Fits our specs the worst Messy due to salt freezing on chain then getting broken off by pulley Heat can escape from electrorefiner due to holes needed in cover Most difficult to perform maintenance on 5

6. Venturi Concept 1.Argon is pulled through the blower and blown through the venturi. 2.Argon flow through the venturi creates a negative pressure and draws up molten salt through draw tube. 3.Salt atomizes upon leaving venturi and freezes into a powder. 4.Salt goes through a cyclone separator to lose velocity then falls into container

7. Venturi Disadvantages May not be within budget anymore Can’t prove it will atomize salt Long set-up time Salt could freeze in drawtube Most difficult to make work Advantages Completes the extraction and freezing in one step. Could be used for removing all molten salt Could be run continuously (don't have to wait for salt to freeze) Very little handling involved while it is running Uses only one 4 in diameter hole

8. Bucket-Tray Concept 1.Bucket is lowered into electrorefiner 2.Molten salt fills bucket 3.Bucket is taken to trays and emptied (by valve or pouring) 4.Salt freezes into cubes and trays are dumped into containers.

9. Bucket-Tray System Advantages Simplest design Uses already proven concepts Lowest set-up time Fits our specs the best Allows for more versatility in design Disadvantages Requires the largest storage area Most handling intensive while operating Can only draw out molten salt if the level is above 16 in from bottom Salt can freeze moving parts Have to insulate bucket

10. Tray Ideas Designs Center Around: Use on the table top in the hot cell where the existing design is emptied Handling the amount of salt provided by the bucket from either one or multiple dumps Reducing the handling for getting cubes into the container Getting salt to freeze into the required shape Safe against Spilling When the salt is dry the tray will be removed and replaced with the container that carries the salt to the grinder Any spills are contained and go into the tray beneath Enough capacity for one bucket load of salt