1. MODS What is MODS: o Stands for Metadata Object Descriptive Schema o MODS is an XML descriptive metadata standard.  Uses the XML schema language of the W3C o MODS was derived from MARC (which is another standard for representation of bibliographic information)  More specifically, MODS uses a subset of MARC data elements When is MODS use: o MODS will be used for descriptive metadata, in other words, MODS will be help to identify resources such as a bibliographic data. o Extension schema to METS What is MODS: o Stands for Metadata Object Descriptive Schema o MODS is an XML descriptive metadata standard.  Uses the XML schema language of the W3C o MODS was derived from MARC (which is another standard for representation of bibliographic information)  More specifically, MODS uses a subset of MARC data elements When is MODS use: o MODS will be used for descriptive metadata, in other words, MODS will be help to identify resources such as a bibliographic data. o Extension schema to METS

2. MODS Schema Attributes Language Attributes o xml:lang – is an XML standard attribute that defines the language individual elements may use Date Attributes o encoding: refers to the values that identify the format of the dates, for instance, “w3cdtf” refers to dates that use the pattern: YYYY-MM-DD, as defined by the W3C. Repeatable: refers to whether or not the elements can be used more than one time to describe information about a rendition. Language Attributes o xml:lang – is an XML standard attribute that defines the language individual elements may use Date Attributes o encoding: refers to the values that identify the format of the dates, for instance, “w3cdtf” refers to dates that use the pattern: YYYY-MM-DD, as defined by the W3C. Repeatable: refers to whether or not the elements can be used more than one time to describe information about a rendition.

3. MODS Top-Level Elements Top-level elements o Top-level elements in MODS, are element names without a hierarchy, meaning that these may or may not have sub-elements but are not sub- elements of any other element.  Sub-elements refers to elements that fall under a top- level elements o The only exception where all MODS elements are sub-elements is under container, this will be explained later with an couples of examples. Top-level elements o Top-level elements in MODS, are element names without a hierarchy, meaning that these may or may not have sub-elements but are not sub- elements of any other element.  Sub-elements refers to elements that fall under a top- level elements o The only exception where all MODS elements are sub-elements is under container, this will be explained later with an couples of examples.

4. MODS Top-Level Elements title Info name typeOfResource genre originInfo language physicalDescription abstract tableOfContents targetAudience title Info name typeOfResource genre originInfo language physicalDescription abstract tableOfContents targetAudience note subject classification relatedItem identifier location accessCondition part extension recordInfo note subject classification relatedItem identifier location accessCondition part extension recordInfo

5. MODS Required Elements Required elements are items that are must be provided according to implementation guidelines for MODS encoding practices. Based on this, my understanding is that these elements are essential in order to assemble the archive Required elements are items that are must be provided according to implementation guidelines for MODS encoding practices. Based on this, my understanding is that these elements are essential in order to assemble the archive

6. MODS Required Elements titleInfo typeOfResource originInfo physicalDescription location accessCondition recordInfo titleInfo typeOfResource originInfo physicalDescription location accessCondition recordInfo language (required if language is primary to the resource) subject (required if applicable) language (required if language is primary to the resource) subject (required if applicable)

7. MODS Required Elements Example 1 Taken from the mods.xml that Kate send to us: titleInfo o Information such as the title of the resource. o The attribute type indicates the resource type of title. For example, “alternative” refers to a different title that further identifies the resource. o For example: To increase Federal Pell Grants for the children of fallen public safety officers, and for other purposes. Officer Daniel Faulkner Children of Fallen Heroes Scholarship Act of 2010 S. 3880 (IS) Taken from the mods.xml that Kate send to us: titleInfo o Information such as the title of the resource. o The attribute type indicates the resource type of title. For example, “alternative” refers to a different title that further identifies the resource. o For example: To increase Federal Pell Grants for the children of fallen public safety officers, and for other purposes. Officer Daniel Faulkner Children of Fallen Heroes Scholarship Act of 2010 S. 3880 (IS)

8. MODS Required Elements Example 2 Taken from the mods.xml that Kate send to us: originInfo o Information that pertains to the origin of the resource such as publisher, date published, how the resource was issued for instance, “monographic “means that it was released in one part or a finite number of parts. o For example: U.S. Government Printing Office 2010-09-29 monographic Taken from the mods.xml that Kate send to us: originInfo o Information that pertains to the origin of the resource such as publisher, date published, how the resource was issued for instance, “monographic “means that it was released in one part or a finite number of parts. o For example: U.S. Government Printing Office 2010-09-29 monographic

9. MODS Required Elements Example 3 Taken from the mods.xml that Kate send to us: physicalDescription o describes the physical attributes of the resource such as general text based information about the resource (for example “type” is an attribute that gives more detail to the general text) o describes the method use to achieve digital form of the resource (for example “born digital” indicates that this particular archive was created and must remain in digital form) o describes the number of units that make up the resource o It is not repeatable Taken from the mods.xml that Kate send to us: physicalDescription o describes the physical attributes of the resource such as general text based information about the resource (for example “type” is an attribute that gives more detail to the general text) o describes the method use to achieve digital form of the resource (for example “born digital” indicates that this particular archive was created and must remain in digital form) o describes the number of units that make up the resource o It is not repeatable

10. MODS Required Elements Example 3 continue o For example deposited born digital 7 p. o For example deposited born digital 7 p.

11. MODS Required Elements Example 4 Taken from the mods.xml that Kate send to us: location o Identifies the repository holding the resource o displayLabel is an attribute the provides information associated with the location o access is an attribute that indicates the type resource that will be accessed via the URL link, for instance, the value “raw object” means that the URL is a direct link to the resource. o For example: http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/BILLS-111s3880is/html/BILLS- 111s3880is.htm http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/BILLS-111s3880is/pdf/BILLS- 111s3880is.pdf http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/BILLS-111s3880is/xml/BILLS- 111s3880is.xml Taken from the mods.xml that Kate send to us: location o Identifies the repository holding the resource o displayLabel is an attribute the provides information associated with the location o access is an attribute that indicates the type resource that will be accessed via the URL link, for instance, the value “raw object” means that the URL is a direct link to the resource. o For example: http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/BILLS-111s3880is/html/BILLS- 111s3880is.htm http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/BILLS-111s3880is/pdf/BILLS- 111s3880is.pdf http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/BILLS-111s3880is/xml/BILLS- 111s3880is.xml

12. MODS Required Elements Example 5 Taken from the mods.xml that Kate send to us: recordInfo o Provides information about the metadata of the original record such as who created it or modified it, date it was created (encoding – denotes the format of the date) o Provides information about the date it was last modified, contains the organization and the system control number assigned to it, shows the origin of the MODS record, and the language (can be used to represent more than one language) o It is not repeatable. Taken from the mods.xml that Kate send to us: recordInfo o Provides information about the metadata of the original record such as who created it or modified it, date it was created (encoding – denotes the format of the date) o Provides information about the date it was last modified, contains the organization and the system control number assigned to it, shows the origin of the MODS record, and the language (can be used to represent more than one language) o It is not repeatable.

13. MODS Required Elements Example 5 continue o For example DGPO 2010-10-06 2010-10-06</recordChangeDate BILLS-111s3880is machine generated eng  type attribute “identifies what type of is recorded”, for example, “the value used to express language” in a coded term is code, meaning that it uses values from a controlled list  authority attribute, refers to a value taken from a controlled list, for example “iso639-2b” refers to a bibliographic language code from ISO 639-2  In, the value “marcorg” given to authority attribute indicates that the value from of a MARC Code list. If the authority attribute is not used, the value is presumed to be textual. o For example DGPO 2010-10-06 2010-10-06</recordChangeDate BILLS-111s3880is machine generated eng  type attribute “identifies what type of is recorded”, for example, “the value used to express language” in a coded term is code, meaning that it uses values from a controlled list  authority attribute, refers to a value taken from a controlled list, for example “iso639-2b” refers to a bibliographic language code from ISO 639-2  In, the value “marcorg” given to authority attribute indicates that the value from of a MARC Code list. If the authority attribute is not used, the value is presumed to be textual.

14. MODS Required Elements– Without Example accessCondition - o Information pertaining to the permission of accessibility of the resource Subject - o Information detailing the specific topic of the resource typeOfResource - o Information describing the form of the resource content accessCondition - o Information pertaining to the permission of accessibility of the resource Subject - o Information detailing the specific topic of the resource typeOfResource - o Information describing the form of the resource content

15. MODS Recommended Elements Recommended elements are items that the implementer may ignore as long he or she have taken into account the consequences of doing so The recommended elements are: o genre o abstract –  “A summary of the content of the resource” o identifier Recommended elements are items that the implementer may ignore as long he or she have taken into account the consequences of doing so The recommended elements are: o genre o abstract –  “A summary of the content of the resource” o identifier

16. MODS Recommended Elements Example 1 Taken from the mods.xml that Kate send to us: genre o Gives more specific terms to the form of the resource content used in typeOfResource o Again, an interesting attribute of genre is “authority”, which refers to the controlled list from which the value is taken, in the case below the value “marcgt” refers to MARC (another standard for representation of bibliographic information) genre terms o For example: government publication Taken from the mods.xml that Kate send to us: genre o Gives more specific terms to the form of the resource content used in typeOfResource o Again, an interesting attribute of genre is “authority”, which refers to the controlled list from which the value is taken, in the case below the value “marcgt” refers to MARC (another standard for representation of bibliographic information) genre terms o For example: government publication

17. MODS Recommended Elements Example 2 Taken from the mods.xml that Kate send to us: identifier o refers to a unique standard number or code that identifies a resource o type is attribute of identifier refers to the identifier being used, in this case "local" refers to a locally define identifier o For example: V0b002ee180b003e5 Taken from the mods.xml that Kate send to us: identifier o refers to a unique standard number or code that identifies a resource o type is attribute of identifier refers to the identifier being used, in this case "local" refers to a locally define identifier o For example: V0b002ee180b003e5

18. MODS Recommended If Applicable Recommended If Applicable refers to an item that can be applied to the resource, again the implementer may ignore as long he or she have taken into account the consequences of doing so

19. MODS Recommended IF Applicable

20. MODS Recommended IF Applicable Example 1

21. MODS Recommended IF Applicable Example 2 Earlier, I mentioned that there was an exception where all MODS elements are sub-elements of relatedItem o May be best used for complex objects that may need more detail descriptive information, for example a CD with several tracks o the type attribute describes the association between the resource in the MODS record and, for example “isReferencedBy” are references or citations of the content of the resource Earlier, I mentioned that there was an exception where all MODS elements are sub-elements of relatedItem o May be best used for complex objects that may need more detail descriptive information, for example a CD with several tracks o the type attribute describes the association between the resource in the MODS record and, for example “isReferencedBy” are references or citations of the content of the resource

22. MODS Recommended IF Applicable Example 2 continue… o For example (Taken from the mods.xml that Kate send to us): 20 U.S.C. 1070a(b)(2) 20 U.S.C. 1087mm(b) o For example (Taken from the mods.xml that Kate send to us): 20 U.S.C. 1070a(b)(2) 20 U.S.C. 1087mm(b)

23. MODS Recommended IF Applicable – Without Examples

24. MODS Optional Elements Optional elements are items that may be used at the implementer’s discretion o is a container used to include information that is not MODS o For example, information that is local to the creator of the data o Another example, is to extend MODS to allow another XML schema to handle information about the resource Optional elements are items that may be used at the implementer’s discretion o is a container used to include information that is not MODS o For example, information that is local to the creator of the data o Another example, is to extend MODS to allow another XML schema to handle information about the resource

25. MODS Optional Element Example 1 o Taken from the mods.xml that Kate send to us: BILLS To increase Federal Pell…. searchTitle> Bills and Statutes 111_cong_bills legislative 2010-10-06 o Taken from the mods.xml that Kate send to us: BILLS To increase Federal Pell…. searchTitle> Bills and Statutes 111_cong_bills legislative 2010-10-06

26. MODS Optional Element Example 2 o a code that identifies to the subject of the resource o the authority attribute is required, because it identifies such code. For instance, “sudocs” refers to Superintendent of Documents classification system. o For example: Y 1.6: o a code that identifies to the subject of the resource o the authority attribute is required, because it identifies such code. For instance, “sudocs” refers to Superintendent of Documents classification system. o For example: Y 1.6:

27. References Digital Library Federation/Acquifer Implementation Guidelines for Shareable MODS Records o https://wiki.dlib.indiana.edu/download/attachments/24288/DLFMODS_Imple mentationGuidelines.pdf https://wiki.dlib.indiana.edu/download/attachments/24288/DLFMODS_Imple mentationGuidelines.pdf MODS User Guidelines o http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/userguide/ http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/userguide/ MODS: Uses and Features o http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/mods-overview.html http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/mods-overview.html Digital Library Federation/Acquifer Implementation Guidelines for Shareable MODS Records o https://wiki.dlib.indiana.edu/download/attachments/24288/DLFMODS_Imple mentationGuidelines.pdf https://wiki.dlib.indiana.edu/download/attachments/24288/DLFMODS_Imple mentationGuidelines.pdf MODS User Guidelines o http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/userguide/ http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/userguide/ MODS: Uses and Features o http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/mods-overview.html http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/mods-overview.html