1. Independence for the Middle East Ottoman Empire to 1948

3. Middle East?

4. Ottoman Empire Began in modern day Turkey Expanded territory 1451-1566 Beg. of 20 th century empire is very weak Joins with Germany & Austria-Hungary for WWI

5. Ottoman Empire Expansion 1451-1566

6. The Ottoman Empire Crumbles British & French defeat Ottoman Empire in 1918 Ottoman Empire broken up by Paris peace settlement (Became Turkey in 1922) Armenian Genocide during World War I –Over 600,000 Armenians killed (Christians)

7. The 1920’s (after WWI) France and Britain retained strong control over most of Arab-speaking world Arabs grow increasingly disillusioned with European dominance Middle Easterners slowly take bigger role in colonial governments

8. 1930’s: Nationalism and Oil Nationalism begins to increase in the 1930s –Saudi Arabia, Iran [formerly Persia] formed Oil becomes central to the economy of the Middle East –American companies discover oil in Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait

9. Formed 1932 Formed 1935 Formed 1923

10. Palestine Controlled by the British 1917 British issues the Balfour Declaration –“view with favor the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people.” Population: Jews Arabs –188024,000 475,000 –191960,000 640,000 –1939429,000 1,000,000

11. End of World War II Britain turns the Palestine issue to the United Nations. Modern nation of Israel was born out of the 1947 United Nations Partition Plan The plan called for BOTH a Palestinian and a Jewish homeland.

12. United Nations Partition Plan

13. Formed 1932 Formed 1935 Formed 1923 Formed 1948

14. Maps of Middle East Page 762 & 770 Green History books Fill in ALL countries, bodies of water, etc..