1. ‘all aspects of software production’ - Software engineering is not just concerned with the technical processes of software development but also with activities such as software project management and with the development of tools, methods and theories to support software production. -Sommerville Software Engineering

2. Software Engineering II Lecture 45 Fakhar Lodhi

3. Recap

4. Why Projects Fail? An unrealistic deadline is establishedAn unrealistic deadline is established Changing customer requirementsChanging customer requirements Ambiguous/incomplete requirementsAmbiguous/incomplete requirements An honest underestimate of effortAn honest underestimate of effort Predictable and/or unpredictable risksPredictable and/or unpredictable risks Technical difficultiesTechnical difficulties Miscommunication among project staffMiscommunication among project staff Failure in project managementFailure in project management

5. Comparison of CMMI Representations Staged Continuous Process improvement is measured using maturity levels. Maturity level is the degree of process improvement across a predefined set of process areas. Organizational maturity pertains to the “maturity” of a set of processes across an organization Process improvement is measured using capability levels. Capability level is the achievement of process improvement within an individual process area. Process area capability pertains to the “maturity” of a particular process across an organization.

6. INITIAL – Ad hoc Process REPEATABLE – Project Management DEFINED – Process Definition MANAGED – Process Measurement OPTIMIZED – Process Improvement CMM Maturity Levels

7. Project Management Concerns

8. Project Management Planning Organization Control Motivation

9. Scope ScheduleResources

10. Software Quality Assurance What is quality? –Internal versus external –Does internal quality translate in external quality Do you need to worry about it after the code has been generated?