1. The Renaissance
Chapter 1 section 1

2. Essential Questions
What changes in society and in cities stimulated the beginning of the Renaissance?
What ideas formed the foundation for the Italian Renaissance?
What contributions did artists make to the Renaissance?

3. Vocabulary
Urban Society- city-states center for political, economic, & social life
Secular- worldly view point
Mercenaries- soldiers who sold services to the highest bidder
Dowry- sum of money given by the wife’s family to the husband upon marriage
Doge- elected leader in Venice

4. Italian Renaissance: Milan Clergy (pray) Venice Nobility 2-3%
Characteristics
Major City-States
Three Estates
Greek and Roman culture
Milan
Clergy (pray)
Recovery from plague, political instability, decline of church power
Venice
Nobility 2-3%
(Knights)
Florence
Peasants 85-90%
Individual ability

5. City/State Leaders Economy Milan Venice Florence Cloth Rich
Francesco Sforza
Rich
International power through trade
Venice
Medici family;
Savonarola
Florence
Cloth

7. Italian States: Wars
King Charles VIII (France) 1494 took Naples in Southern Italy (riches)
Italians asked for help from the Spanish
French and Spanish war for 30 years
Sack of Rome in 1527= Spanish domination

8. Machiavelli - The Prince = how to acquire and keep power (abandon morality)
“the end justifies the means”
Castiglione- The Book of the Courtier: characteristics of a noble

9. Michelangelo Renaissance Man
Michelangelo painted the Sistine Chapel ceiling between 1508 and 1512
The Creation of Adam

10. St. Peter David

11. Why did the Renaissance occur and what forces drove the new way of thinking in Italy, and eventually the rest of Europe? 
Increased trade with Asia and other regions
Growth of large, wealthy city-states in Italy
Renewed interest in the classical learning of ancient Greece and Rome
Rise of rich and powerful merchants, who became patrons of the arts
Increased desire for scientific and technical knowledge
Desire to beautify cities