1. Chemical
Equilibrium
Labs p208

2. Thymol Blue Equilibrium
Thymol Blue (Yellow Form)   Thymol Blue + H+ (Blue)

3. Thymol Blue Equilibrium Stresses and Results
Thymol Blue (Yellow Form)   Thymol Blue + H+ (Blue)
Stress: Add HCl (H+). Result: Green Colour
Stress: Add more HCl. Results: Yellow Colour
Stress: Add NaOH (OH-) reacts with H+ to form H2O)
Result: Green Colour
Stress: Add more NaOH. Results: Blue Colour

4. Equilibrium Involving Thiocyanatoiron III Ion
Fe(H2O)63+ (Amber) + SCN1-   Fe(SCN)(H2O)52+ (D. Red)

5. Equilibrium Involving Thiocyanatoiron III Ion
Fe(H2O)63+ (Amber) + SCN1-   Fe(SCN)(H2O)52+ (D. Red)
Add KCl (Fe3+ forms an insoluble ppt [FeCl3] with Cl1-)
Result: Amber Colour
Add Fe(NO3)3 Possible Stresses: Fe+3 and NO3 –
Result: Darker Red
Add KSCN Possible Stresses: K+ and SCN-
Add NaOH (Fe3+ forms ins. ppt [Fe(OH)3] with OH1-)
Result: First Orange and then Amber Colour

6. Equilibrium Involving Cobalt II Complexes
Co(H2O)62+ (aq) + 2 Cl1- (aq)   Co(H2O)4Cl2 (aq) + H2O (ℓ)
a) Add HCl. Result: Purple Colour
b) Add H2O. Result: Pink Colour
c) Add Heat Result: Purple Colour
d) Remove Heat (Cool) Result: Pink Colour

7. Equilibrium Involving Chromate and Dichromate Ions
Cr2O72- (aq) OH1- (aq)   2 CrO42- (aq) H2O (ℓ)
(Orange) (Yellow)

8. Equilibrium Involving Chromate and Dichromate Ions
Cr2O72- (aq) OH1- (aq)   2 CrO42- (aq) H2O (ℓ)
(Orange) (Yellow)
Add NaOH. Result: Orange turns Yellow (yellow stays yellow)
Add HCl Result: Yellow turns Orange (orange stays orange)
Add K2CrO4 Result: Colour in both is Orange
Add K2Cr2O7 Result: Colour in both is Yellow
Add Ba(NO3)2 (BaCrO4 is insoluble while BaCr2O7 is soluble)
Result: Chr. sol.  Yellow, Dichr. Sol.  Orange
Ba(NO3)2 in beaker
K2CrO4 in graduate

9. Equilibrium With Copper II Complexes
Cu(H2O)42+ (aq) NH OH-   Cu(NH3)42+ (aq) + 4 H2O
(Light Blue) (Deep Blue)

10. Equilibrium With Copper II Complexes
Cu(H2O)42+ (aq) NH OH-   Cu(NH3)42+ (aq) + 4 H2O
(Light Blue) (Deep Blue)
Add NH3 (aq) (NH3 (aq) is NH OH-)
Result: The light blue colour turns a deeper blue
Add more NH+. Result: The colour  Yet Deeper Blue
Add HCl (Yields H+ and Cl-). The deep Blue  Light Blue

11. End of Lab Results

12. A A