1. How Species Interact with Each Other
Chapter 8
Section 2

2. What are we learning? Objectives: Essential Question:
Explain the difference between habitat and niche
Give examples of a niche
Explain how symbiotic relationships may evolve
Explain the difference between parasitism and predation
Essential Question:
How are species interacting with each other essential to their survival?

3. An Organisms Niche Unique role of a species within an ecosystem
Physical Home (habitat)
Environmental factors necessary for survival
Interactions with other organisms
Functional role or job of a particular species in an ecosystem
What you do VS. Who you are

5. Ways in Which Species Interact
Interaction
Species A
Species B
Description
Competition
Harmed
Each species negatively affects the other
Predation and Parasitism
Benefited
Species A feeds on Species B
Mutualism
Each species is helpful
Commensalism
Unaffected
Species A benefits from B, but B is unaffected

7. Mutualism
Close relationship between two species in which each species provides a benefit to the other
(+) / (+)
X. Rhinos & Oxpecker

8. Commensalisms
Relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is neither harmed nor helped
(+) / (N/A)
X. clown fish & sea anemome
Raccoons eating our garbage

9. Parasitism
An organism that lives in or on another organism and feeds on the other organism
Host usually lives
(+) / (-)
X. tapeworm and humans

10. Predation Organism that feeds on another organism (+) / (-) Prey dies
X. Sharks & Seals

12. Competition
Relationship in which different individuals or populations attempt to use the same limited resources
Occurs between and within species

13. Type of Competition Direct = Head to Head Indirect Competition
Don’t have to come in contact with each other
X. Insect feeds on a plant in the a.m., a different insect feeds on the same plant in the p.m.

15. Adaptations to Competition
Niche Restrictions- each species uses less of the niche than they are capable of using

17. Symbiosis and Coevolution
Two organisms living in close association
Species in close relationships may evolve adaptations that reduce the harm or improve the benefit of the relationship.
2 species evolve in response to each other
X. Flowers and hummingbirds

18. Let’s Review
Give examples of species that have the same habitat but not the same niche that a lion has.
Describe the five types of species interactions