2. ge·og·ra·phy A science that deals with the description, distribution, and interaction of the diverse physical, biological, and cultural features of the earth's surface Source-Merriam Webster Collegiate Dictionary

3. Geography is the study of the earth and everything on it!

4.  The 5 Themes of Geography were developed by the National Geographic Society as a method for studying geography.  The themes help us categorize geographic information

6.  Question investigated: Where is it? Two categories of location:  Absolute location  Relative location

7. Absolute Location  A specific place on the Earth ’ s surface  Uses a grid system  Latitude and longitude  A global address

8.  Where a place is in relation to another place  Uses directional words to describe

9. Question investigated: What is it like?  The 2 categories are:  - physical places  Human places

10.  Physical characteristics of the environment  Eg. Resources, climate, landforms, water features, natural vegetation, wildlife…  Note: anything distinctive and comes from nature!

11.  Human elements of a place  Eg. Occupations, recreation, settlement types and patterns, political, economic, religious beliefs, ideas, language…etc  Note: features must be distinctive and a product of human efforts!

12. http://www.fotosearch.com/comp/corbis/DGT119/BAG0017.jpg  Question investigated:  How does the physical place influence human activities?  How do human activities alter the physical place? Two Categories of interaction...  Human adaptation  Human alteration

13.  Humans adapt to their environment  Examples: adapt to climate (shelter, clothes, work hours…)

14.  Humans alter their natural environment using technology  Examples:

15. Question investigated: How do people, goods and ideas move from place to place? Two categories of interaction... Material movement Non-material movement

16.  This involves obvious movement using some type of land, water, or air vehicle  Example: Moving people, animals, or other material things

17.  This involves less obvious forms of movement Examples:  movement of energy and information through electric wires/fiber optics (this technology has an impact on human-environment interaction!)  Movement of ideas/beliefs from one place/culture to another

18.  Question investigated: What areas have unifying/common features?  We identify ‘areas’/’regions’ according to the existence of /unifying common features Three categories of region... Formal region Functional region Vernacular region

19. Many features can be used to define regions ‘formal regions’ Formal regions share one or a number of unifying/common features.  Eg. Landform, climate, language, politics, religion, culture…etc Formal regions include…  Landform regions, climate regions, language regions, political regions, religious regions, cultural regions…etc.  Example: provinces, countries, cities (defined by boundaries)  Example: cultural enclaves of T.O. (Chinatown, Little India)  Example: One region may various common features…  80% speak French as their first language  85% are practicing Roman Catholic Christians

20. Functional regions are defined by a function (an interactive system). The defining characteristics are the interconnected parts.  Example: newspaper service area, cell phone coverage area, urban area (CBD), ecosystems (natural functional region)

21. Vernacular regions are defined by ordinary people’s (subjective) perceptions. These perceptions reflect their feelings and images about places.  Eg. ‘the south’, ‘the west’…

22. Mr. Help!  M Movement  R Region  HE Human Environment Interaction  L Location  P Place

23. TASK: journal writing TOPIC: Describe a place you love by addressing all 5 themes of geography.