1. Reception and Key Stage 1 Maths For Parents
Aims:
To know what we teach and when
To know how we teach addition and subtraction starting with understanding of numbers and place value

2. What do we teach?

4. Split into ‘Domains’
Numbers and the Number System (including place value)
Addition and Subtraction
Multiplication and Division
Fractions
Measurement
Geometry (Properties of Shape)
Geometry (Position and Direction)
Statistics

6. Number and place value (Reception leading onto year 1):
Count to and across 100 forwards and backwards in 1s
Read and write the numbers
Count in 2’s, 5’s and 10’s
Identify 1 more/1 less
Read and write numbers from 1 to 20 in numerals and words
This would start in Reception, with an understanding of what a digit is made up of
e.g. 5 is made up of…..
5 ‘ones’
4 ones + 1 one
3 one + 2 one

7. Counting steps together up and down stairs:
What would be one more? One less?
Miss a number out when counting – which one have I missed out?
Saying the numbers of buses as they go past - who can say it first?
Counting lego in twos as they tidy away

8. Numbers and place value (year 2):
count in steps of 2, 3, and 5 from 0, and in tens from any number, forward or backward
recognise the place value of each digit in a two-digit number (tens, ones)
identify, represent and estimate numbers using different representations, including the number line
compare and order numbers from 0 up to 100; use <, > and = signs
read and write numbers to at least 100 in numerals and in words
use place value and number facts to solve problems

9. Numbers and place value (year 2):
recognise the place value of each digit in a two-digit number (tens, ones)
Which is more….. Or
Hundreds
Tens
Ones 2 3
Then when using Hundred numbers
123 would be:

11. identify, represent and estimate numbers using different representations, including the number line

12. compare and order numbers from 0 up to 100; use <, > and = signs

13. Developing an understanding of place value
The foundations for understanding addition and subtraction come from…..
Understanding how single digit numbers are made up
Knowing number bonds to ten
Developing an understanding of place value

14. Addition and subtraction (Reception)
Children say which number is one more/one less than a given number
Using quantities and objects they add and subtract two single digit numbers and count on or back to find the answer
I’ve got 7 animals, how many is two more?
What happens if I take 3 animals away?

15. Addition and subtraction (Reception)
Introduced in Reception, but continually reinforced up to Form 6
Number bonds to ten (use mental recall of addition and subtraction facts to 10)
7 + 3 = 10 7
Leads onto more complicated:
70+30=100
=1000 3

16. Addition Expectations: Year 1:
read, write and interpret mathematical statements involving addition (+), subtraction (-) and equals (=) signs
represent and use number bonds and related subtraction facts within 20
add and subtract one-digit and two-digit numbers to 20, including zero
Year 2
Using concrete objects and pictorial representations, including those involving numbers, quantities and measures.
recall and use addition and subtraction facts to 20 fluently, and derive and use related facts up to 100
add and subtract numbers using concrete objects, pictorial representations, and mentally, including:
- a two-digit number and ones
- a two-digit number and tens
- two two-digit numbers

17. Addition
Stage 1: - after counting on (with fingers!) children then use their knowledge of number and use:
The Empty Number Line
8 + 7 = 15

18. = 84
Or:

19. Over to you!
Use a number line to answer:
53+24
86+17
149+38

20. Stage 2: Partitioning Record steps in addition using partitioning:
e.g
= 123 or…. =
= 110
7 + 6 = 13
= 123
= 117
Or basically jotting down the sums you’re doing in your head as you do them.

21. Partitioned numbers are then written under one another:

22. Over to you!
Use partitioning to answer:

23. Stage 3: Expanded Method in columns Write the numbers in columns.
Adding the ones first:
Gets the same answer – but children are encouraged then to move onto always adding the ones first.

24. Over to you!
Use the expanded method to work out:

25. Stage 4: Column Method
Used for adding more complex numbers including decimals.

26. Subtraction
Stage 1: Empty Number Line – counting back
= 8

27. 74 - 27 = 47 worked by counting back:
The steps may be recorded in a different order:

28. Empty number line – counting on:

29. Over to you!
Try using an empty number line, counting on or counting back to answer:
94 – 38

30. 74 – 2 7 74 - 20 = 54 - 7 = 47 Stage 2 Partitioning:
74 – = = 47
This requires children to subtract a single-digit number or a multiple of 10 from a two-digit number mentally. The method of recording links to counting on a number line

31. Partitioned numbers are then written under one another:
Stage 3
Expanded Layout, leading to column method
Partitioned numbers are then written under one another:
Example:
Example:

32. Useful Websites: