1. Photosynthesis Plant – multicellular eukaryotes that have cell walls made of cellulose and photosynthesize. Billy “stationary animals that eat sunlight”

2. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) One of the most important compounds that cells use. Stores and releases energy - adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP consists of adenine, a 5-carbon sugar called ribose, and three phosphate groups.

3. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) has two phosphate groups instead of three. ADP does not contain as much energy as ATP. Another P is added to ADP to form ATP. Cells release the energy stored in ATP by breaking the bonds between the second and third phosphate groups.

4. Uses of ATP Powers protein pumps in the cell membrane Powers cilia and flagella Power for synthesis of proteins Powers motor proteins that contract muscles Provides cell energy

5. How could a small seed become a giant tree? Heterotroph – obtains energy from food it consumes Autotroph – uses energy from the sun to produce food Photosynthesis - autotrophs use the energy of sunlight to produce high-energy carbohydrates that can be used for food.

6. Autotroph or Heterotroph

7. Photosynthesis 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 LIGHT Carbon Dioxide Water Glucose Oxygen

8. What is Light? Light Speed, c = 2.9979 x 10 8 m/s Or 670.6 million mph Which type of light carries more energy, blue or red?

9. Why are plants usually green? Electromagnetic Spectrum Wave length and energy are inversely proportional The smaller the wave length, the more energy Blue light is high energy Red light is low energy They reflect green light

10. Plant Pigments Pigments – light absorbing molecules Chlorophyll – the most abundant pigment in plants, that absorbs blue and red light. Chlorophyll a - a blue-green pigment Chlorophyll b - a yellow-green pigment

11. Accessory Pigments Carotene - an orange pigment Xanthophyll - a yellow pigment Anthocyanin – a red pigment

12. Photosynthesis Takes place in the chloroplast Thylakoids – saclike photosynthetic membrane in the chloroplast Grana – stacks of thylakoids Stroma - the region outside of the thylakoid membranes

13. Photosynthesis (Overall) Light CO 2 H2OH2O Chloroplast LIGHT REACTIONS (in thylakoids) CALVIN CYCLE (in stroma) NADP + ADP +P ATP NADPH OSugar Electrons Light Dark

14. Factors Affecting Photosynthesis Shortage of water H2O acts as the electron donor in the light dependent reaction Temperature Photosynthesis is controlled by enzymes that work best between 0 C and 35 C. Light Intensity More light increases rate of photosynthesis

15. Photosynthesis and respiration are complimentary processes. Products of one are reactants for the other. Light energy PHOTOSYNTHESIS 6 CO 2 6+ H2OH2O Carbon dioxideWater C 6 H 12 O 6 6+ O2O2 GlucoseOxygen gas C 6 H 12 O 6 CO 2 6H2OH2OATPs Glucose Oxygen gas Carbon dioxide 6 Water Energy O2O2 6 + + + Respiration Photosynthesis

16. Organize your thoughts Working in pairs at your tables please address the following: What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis (reactants/products) What is light? How does it play a role in photosynthesis? Write down everything that you already know about photosynthesis. Lastly, what is it that you don’t understand about plants or photosynthesis?

17. Green Solar Cells 1. What is responsible for the various shades of green in plants? 2. What is the function of the stroma lamellae? 3. What evidence supports the theory that chloroplast were once invasive cells? 4. How is excess food stored? 5. How does the author define photosynthesis?

19. 2 1 3 4 5 6

20. Light CO 2 H2OH2O Chloroplast LIGHT REACTIONS (in thylakoids) CALVIN CYCLE (in stroma) NADP + ADP +P ATP NADPH OSugar Electrons Photosynthesis – Light and Dark Reactions LightDark 2 1 3 4

21. Dark Reaction (Calvin Cycle) 7._______ 6._______ 1._______ 4._____________ 3.___________ 2._______________ 5._____________

23. Homework (for Thurs. 12/9): 1.In text read pgs 230-233 2.In 8.2 assessment on pg 234 answer question #1,2 and 3 all parts of each question

24. Using the light reaction diagram: On your own, describe the four steps of the light reaction in your own words. Use complete sentences.

25. In your group: 1.See if you can write the chemical equation for photosynthesis (inputs and outputs) 2.What is the organelle in plant cells that is most involved with photosynthesis 3.Explain why this organelle captures energy 4.What is light? 5.Make a list of things you already know about photosynthesis

26. Light Reaction 1. 9. 6. 4. 5. 3. Type of Transport = Type of transport = 2. 7. 8. 10. H+ Concentration =