1. Bilkent University, BIM
4/17/2017
Today
Key Terms
Internet Navigation Technologies
Web Languages
Web Development Tools
Web Authoring Tools
Web Graphic Tools
Web Programming Tools
Tool Selection Principle
Summary
References
Web site Design 1

2. Bilkent University, BIM
4/17/2017
Web Terminology:
World Wide Web (WWW or W3)
WWW is often confused with the Internet. It is the another usage of the Internet. It is on the Internet and linked together through the use of links, or connections, in documents.
The largest body of computerized data in the world.
Any computer, any operating system an use it
Anybody can do it
Global, Interactive, Dynamic, Cross-platform, Distributed, Graphical hypertext information system that runs over the Internet.
Web site Design 1

3. Bilkent University, BIM
4/17/2017
World Wide Web (WWW or W3)
Global,
. Wherever you want, whatever you need
Interactive,
. Nature of the Web! Links and forms…
. Create forms and get the best feedbacks
Dynamic,
. Keeps growing…
. People can update information at any time
Cross-platform,
. Can easily access anytime, anywhere, and anyway
Web site Design 1

4. Bilkent University, BIM
4/17/2017
World Wide Web (WWW or W3)
Distributed,
. Information takes up an awful a lot space;
but it can be distributed thousands of different sites…
Graphical,
. Fonts, styles, layouts, graphics and text together on the same screen with the interface easily navigable; jump from link to link
Hypertext Information System
. If you don’t know where you’re going go with hypermedia links!
Web site Design 1

5. Bilkent University, BIM
4/17/2017
Web Terminology:
Web Sites
A URL is commonly associated with a Web Site.
is the URL for Bilkent University’s Web site.
Most commonly, these sites are located in directories of folders on the server. Then within this main site, there may be several folders, which house other sections of the Web site.
For example is the URL for Bilkent University’s staff section.
Web site Design 1

6. Bilkent University, BIM
4/17/2017
Web Terminology:
Web Pages
When you visit a Web site, you look at pages on the site that contain all the text, graphics, sound, and video content. Even though a Web page isn’t the same size as format as a printed page!
The word “page” is used to help us differentiate between pages, folders, and sites.
Just as many pages and chapters can be within a single book, many pages and folders can also be within a Web site.
is the URL for home (entry-splash) page of Bilkent University’s staff section.
Web site Design 1

7. Bilkent University, BIM
4/17/2017
Web Terminology:
Web Browser
A Web browser is a piece of software that runs on your personal computer and enables you to view Web Pages
They interpret the HTML code and provide a visual layout displayed on the screen. Many browsers can also be used to check .
Popular Browsers: MS Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator
Each company updates its browsers regularly and you can download from the company’s Web site.
The importance of Testing: Most browsers can be easily customized by users. User can change the preferred text size for Web pages, as well as fonts and colors.
.::The success of your Web pages is to test, test, test::.
Web site Design 1

8. Bilkent University, BIM
4/17/2017
Web Terminology:
Web Server
Every Web site and Web page needs a Web server.
It is a computer running special software that enables it to host one or more Web sites.
It is always connected to the Internet.
I’d like to visit
Please.
No problem. I have
the files right here.
Web
Server
Web
browser
Web site Design 1

9. Bilkent University, BIM
4/17/2017
A Hint about a Server
We need to buy a new server.
I need to install a new Web
server.
Server: It can be a computer or software!...
Web site Design 1

10. Bilkent University, BIM
4/17/2017
Web Terminology:
HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol
The Web server “talks” with the Web browser through a process, or protocol, called Hyper Text Transfer Protocol.
The server uses a system of Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (MIME) references to determine exactly how to display the content through HTTP.
Web server
MIME
They are
Talking!
Grammer Instructor!
Web browser
Web site Design 1

11. Bilkent University, BIM
4/17/2017
Commonly Used Web Servers
Apache (httpd.apache.org) – since 1996
Microsoft offers many different types ( but the most popular Web server is Internet Information Server (IIS)
Sun and Netscape has produced iPlanet, which boasts the third most popular Web servers (
Finding a Web Server for Your Site
Personal Site Hosting: geocities.yahoo.com, hometown.aol.com,
communities.msn.com,
wwwx.nbci.com/mywebsite
Business Site Hosting:
Webservices.cnet.comhtmlaislesWeb_Hosting.asp
Web site Design 1

12. INTERNET NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES
First Generation
FTP
File Transfer Protocol
Allows users to
List files
Transfer files
Does not allow users to
Run applications on a remote computer
Read files on a remote computer
Viable method for file transfer and Web publishing

13. INTERNET NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES
Second Generation
Gopher
Developed at University of Minnesota (1991)
Text-based interface
Organizes and displays files on Internet servers
Presents contents as a hierarchically structured list of files
Many Gopher databases are being converted to Web sites for easy access

14. INTERNET NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES
Third Generation
HTTP
HyperText Transfer Protocol
Transfers files from Web server to browser
Works with HTML to display text, graphics and sound
HTML can only deliver information in a static presentation without interactivity
Calculation
Pay bill
Manage bank accounts are not possible!

15. + = HTML DHTML NEW NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES DHTML JavaScript VBScript
Combination of HTML and scripting languages
Enables Web pages to react to user input
Reservations
Registrations
Shopping
HTML
JavaScript VBScript
DHTML + =

16. NEW NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES
WAP
Wireless Application Protocol
Wireless Web Browsing and Business transcation (Personal digital assistant-PDA and cell phone)
Languages used to develop WAP applications
XML – Extensible Markup Language
Allows communications across multiple platforms
WML – Wireless Markup Language
Subset of XML

17. WEB LANGUAGES HTML Hypertext Markup Language
Defines structure and layout of Web document by using tags and attributes
View HTML source on your browser
Click View / Page Source
<tag> </tag>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE> </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
.....
</BODY>
</HTML>

18. WEB LANGUAGES XHTML DHTML Newer version of HTML recommended by W3C
Combines HTML and XML
DHTML
Dynamic Hypertext Markup Language
Transforms Web pages from static to interactive
Allows scripting languages to be embedded into HTML files
Enables a Web page to react to user input without sending requests to the Web server
<script language = javascript>
</script>

19. WEB LANGUAGES XML Extensible Markup Language Similar to HTML
Allows Web data and content to be processed with very little human intervention
Consists of rules:
tags to describe data
separate data from presentation layout
transform data into Web forms
<?xml version = ‘1.0’?>
<?xml:stylesheet type =“text/xsl” href = “menu.xsl”?>
<breakfast menu>
<food>
<name>waffles</name><price>$3.95</price>
</food> .....

20. WEB DEVELOPMENT TOOLS Three categories: Web Authoring Tools
Web Graphics Tools
Web Programming Languages

21. WEB DEVELOPMENT TOOLS Web Authoring Tools Features Examples Design
Production
Management
Examples
Adobe GoLive
Macromedia Dreamweaver
Microsoft FrontPage

22. WEB DEVELOPMENT TOOLS Web Graphics Tools Features Examples
Manipulate images
Transparency controls
Variety of graphics styles and effects
Examples
Macromedia Flash
Adobe Photoshop
Jasc Paint Shop Pro

23. WEB DEVELOPMENT TOOLS Web Programming Tools Features
Develop dynamic, interactive, data-driven Web applications
Examples
Visual Basic
VBScript
Visual C++ C#
CGI (Common Gateway Interface)
ASP / JSP (Active/Java Server Pages)
CFML (ColdFusion Markup Language)
Java
JavaScript

24. TOOL SELECTION PRINCIPLES
Buy Low
Identify free-download Web servers
Free-download development tools
Trial versions, freeware, shareware
Sell High
Develop advanced Internet/Web skills
Sell those skills on the job market

25. CONVERTING TO WEB PAGES
Word
File / Save as Web Page
Excel
PowerPoint

26. SUMMARY
Described the past and present of the Internet and World Wide Web
Identified emerging technologies
Discussed Web development tools
Learned how to make appropriate tool choices
Converted Office documents into Web pages

27. REFERENCES “A Brief History of the Internet”
“ FNC Resolution: Definition of ‘Internet’”.
Learned how to make appropriate tool choices