1. Remote Sensing of Our Environment Using Satellite Digital Images to Analyze the Earth’s Surface

2. CIR Film at Close Range

3. Air Photos

4. Artist’s Rendition of SPOT Satellite

5. Definition of Remote Sensing Remote sensing is the science and art of acquiring information (spectral, spatial, temporal) about material objects, area, or phenomenon, without coming into physical contact.

6. EMR In remote sensing, information transfer is accomplished by use of electromagnetic radiation (EMR).

7. Electromagnetic Radiation

9. Electromagnetic Spectrum

11. Geraniums - Normal Color Film

12. Geraniums - CIR Film

13. Normal Color/CIR Comparison

14. Thermal Radiometer

15. Archeology Site - South Dakota

16. Big Brother Watching…..

17. Interactions between Matter and Electro-magnetic Radiation All matter reflects, absorbs, penetrates and emits electro-magnetic radiation in a unique way. For example, the reason why a leaf looks green is that the chlorophyll absorbs blue and red spectra and reflects the green spectrum

18. Types of Remote Sensing with Respect to Wavelength Regions Remote sensing is classified into three types with respect to the wavelength regions; –(1)Visible and Reflective Infrared Remote Sensing, –(2)Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing and –(3)Microwave Remote Sensing

19. Spectral Reflectance of Land Covers Spectral reflectance of vegetation, soil and water

20. Spectral Reflectance of Land Covers Spectral reflectance of different kinds of trees

21. Landsat MSS - Where??

22. Where?

26. Gemini Film Image

27. What Season?

28. See the Line?

29. Significant Variations in Land Cover and Land Use

30. Ready to Go!

31. What Scale?

32. MSS vs. TM

33. SPOT - Washington DC

34. Pacman Farm….

35. Gharb, Morocco

36. Gharb - Pre-Harvest

37. Gharb - Post-Harvest

38. Sakur, Japan

39. Chernobyl - 1986

40. Ocean Measurements

41. California Mosaic

42. Resolution Spectral Resolution Radiometric Resolution Spatial Resolution Temporal Resolution

43. Landsat MSS Spectral Resolution –Band 4 (0.5 – 0.6 um, green) –Band 5 (0.6 – 0.7 um, red) –Band 6 (0.7 – 0.8 um, photo IR) –Band 7 (0.8 – 1.1um, near IR) Radiometric Resolution –1 byte (256 levels (0 – 255)) Spatial Resolution –80m (260ft) Temporal Resolution –16 days

44. Landsat MSS Orbital altitude – 570 miles 11.56 0 FOV – 115 mile swath

45. SPOT Spectral Resolution –Band 1 (0.50 – 0.59 um, green) –Band 2 (0.60 – 0.68um, red) –Band 3 (0.79 – 0.89um, RIR) Radiometric Resolution –1 byte Spatial Resolution –20m Temporal Resolution –26 days vertically downward. Can move mirror 27 0, increasing repeatability to 7x in 26 days.

46. SPOT Orbital altitude – 516 miles 73 mile swath

47. Commercialization of Space Remote Sensing Here is a SpaceImaging high resolution panchromatic scene that shows the pyramids outside of Cairo, Egypt

48. Quickbird-2 is the flagship of Digital Globe The Pentagon (a year after it was damaged by a terrorist air assault) on the Virginia side of the Potomac River outside Washington, D.C. 2.8m spatial resolution.

49. IKONOS 1999 launch Spatial Resolution: –B/W: 82-cm –Multispectral: 4-meter

50. IKONOS Spectral Range –526–929 nm 445–516 nm (blue) 506–595 nm (green) 632–698 nm (red) 757–853 nm (near IR) Revisit Time –Approximately 3 days

51. GeoEye-1 and IKONOS Comparison Satellite FeatureGeoEye-1IKONOS Panchromatic Resolution.5-meter1-meter Multispectral Resolution1.64-meter3.28-meter Spectral RangeR G B IR Launch Date9/6/089/24/99 Orbit Altitude681-km/423-miles681-km/423/miles

52. GeoEye-1: Ayers Rock

53. GeoEye-1: Canyonlands, Utah

54. GeoEye-1: El Capitan

55. GeoEye-1: Kenai Fjords National Park, Alaska

56. GeoEye-1: The Moon

57. GeoEye-1: Niagara Falls

58. GeoEye-1: Rainbow Bridge, Utah

59. GeoEye-1: Nile River Delta

60. GeoEye-1: Burning Man 2009

62. GeoEye-1: Sand & Gravel Plant Arkansas

64. Aster: Yukon Delta

65. Military Intelligence Satellites The KH-12 series, the last for which some specifications can be found, is reputed to achieve a resolution of 2+ cm, although images of this sharpness haven't been released.

66. US Spy Imagery Sources U-2 SR-71 TARPS (Tactical Airborne Reconnaissance Pod System) ATARS (Advanced Tactical Airborne Reconnaissance System) Predator UAV TESAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) Predator UAV Electro-optical KH-4 CORONA KH-5 ARGON KH-11 KENNAN/CRYSTAL KH-12 IMPROVED CRYSTAL

67. Spatial Resolution Detection vs.Recognition

68. NYC Landsat TM

69. Landsat 5 NYC (summer 1997)

70. ASTER: NYC - 9/22/02