1. Dimension of Meaning Author: Hinrich Schutze Presenter: Marian Olteanu

2. Introduction Represent context as vectors Dimensions of space – words Initial vectors – determined by word occurrence This paper – reduce dimensionality by singular value decomposition  Applications WSD Thesaurus induction

3. Introduction Classic scheme in IR  Documents are represented as vectors of words in term space Extension – represent contexts as vectors of words within a fixed window  Disadvantage – content can be expressed with different words, close in meaning This approach  Represent words as term vectors that reflect their pattern of usage in a large corpus

4. Introduction Dimension in this space:  Cash  Sport Measure  Cosine of the angle between vectors

5. Introduction Compute a representation of context more robust than bag-of-words  Centroid (normalized average) of the vectors of the words in a context Practical applications  Thousands of dimensions (words)  Matrix of concurrence with only 10% zeros

6. Application WSD  Done by clustering the contexts AutoClass Buckshot  Assign a sense for each cluster

7. Word space

8. Window size, dimension sets

9. Discussion Resembles LSI  Uses SVD Purpose of space reduction  LSI – improve the quality of representation (because of null values)  This paper Reducing the computation Detection of term dependencies (similar terms)  SVD doesn’t influence accuracy of WSD

10. Discussion Small number of parameters (thousands) compared to other statistical approaches (i.e.: trigrams)