1. Pipe Network  Pipe network is analyzed based on: 1. Conservation of mass 2. Conservation of energy

2.  Conservation of mass At any node: Q in = Q out + Demand

3.  Conservation of energy Within each closed loop: H l1 = H l2 + H l3 Because energy loss between two nodes is independent of the flow path. H l1 H l2 H l3

4.  Hardy-Cross method is used to design pipe network.  The method can be applied to a small network of several loops.  Large network can not be designed because of the complexity and time consuming.  Software such as WaterCAD can be used easily to design water networks.

5. Flow Master  First, Flow Master software is used to design a single pipe.  It is a good practice understand several concepts of pipe flow.  It is also a good startup for WaterCAD.