1. Daniela Fogli 1, Andrea Marcante 2, Piero Mussio 2, Loredana Parasiliti Provenza 2 Design of Visual Interactive Systems: a Multi-Facet Methodology 1 Dipartimento di Elettronica per l’Automazione, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy 2 Dipartimento di Informatica e Comunicazione, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy Converging on a Science of Design through the Synthesis of Design Methodologies CHI 2007 workshop San José, April 29 HCI group Milano-Brescia Computer Semiotics Lab @ http://cslab.dico.unimi.it/sito/index.phphttp://cslab.dico.unimi.it/sito/index.php IUM Milano-Brescia @ http://spirit.ing.unibs.it/IUM/index.phphttp://spirit.ing.unibs.it/IUM/index.php

2. HCI group MI-BS, Design of Visual Interactive Systems: A Multi-Facet Methodology, CHI 2007 workshop, April 29, 20072 ABC AC AB BC BCA A metaphor to start: coloured glasses (1)

3. HCI group MI-BS, Design of Visual Interactive Systems: A Multi-Facet Methodology, CHI 2007 workshop, April 29, 20073 Every stakeholder perceives a different “scene”: equivokes can arise  communication is needed to achieve a common meaning about the event exchanging messages A metaphor to start: coloured glasses (2)  progressive semantization In the case of partecipatory design, the stakeholders composing the design team are domain experts, HCI experts and SE expert: each of them wears invisible cultural glasses  symmetry of ignorance

4. HCI group MI-BS, Design of Visual Interactive Systems: A Multi-Facet Methodology, CHI 2007 workshop, April 29, 20074 The Multi-Facet Methodology Design needs to be based on a bargain between different stakeholders: need of different languages and tools to permit the bargain by improving communication between the different stakeholders  Tools permit to perceive and act on the messages exchanged through an interactive system, according to the specific cultural view of the stakeholder

5. HCI group MI-BS, Design of Visual Interactive Systems: A Multi-Facet Methodology, CHI 2007 workshop, April 29, 20075 Example A team of HCI experts,SEs and Neurologists designs a visual interactive system for neurological diagnosis. Each stakeholder sees and acts on the same pictorial elements on the screen but interprets elements and actions in a different way.

6. HCI group MI-BS, Design of Visual Interactive Systems: A Multi-Facet Methodology, CHI 2007 workshop, April 29, 20076 Three Interaction Languages Domain expert language HCI expert language SE language Three languages are involved in the communication and three translation tools are needed., > If free space exists 0 B-neurologist with No benches 1 B-neurologist with >0 benches 2 B-neurologist with >0 benches & >0 annotation managers (1 annotation manager) (if free space exists) (1 bench)

7. HCI group MI-BS, Design of Visual Interactive Systems: A Multi-Facet Methodology, CHI 2007 workshop, April 29, 20077 The three languages and their relation …abstracting APE Animated Pictorial Elements are boundary objects, elements of each language and subject of the bargains among the different stakeholders

8. HCI group MI-BS, Design of Visual Interactive Systems: A Multi-Facet Methodology, CHI 2007 workshop, April 29, 20078 Every stakeholder in the design team sees and interacts with animated pictorial elements according to her/his semantics: reasoning on models becomes reasoning on boundary objects. We developed tools (UIDE) to support the stakeholders in their activities as designers and in bargaining with other stakeholders through annotation systems. The partecipatory design process becomes cooperative and influenced by the visions of each stakeholder and design options are shared by the stakeholders in the design team: the designed system emerges as the result of the mutual interaction. Conclusions (1)

9. HCI group MI-BS, Design of Visual Interactive Systems: A Multi-Facet Methodology, CHI 2007 workshop, April 29, 20079 As a contribution to the emergence of a Science of Design, this paper presents a holistic, participatory, meta-design methodology for the creation of usable, co-evolutive and domain specific interactive applications, which aims at satisfying the needs of end users. Conclusions (2)

10. HCI group MI-BS, Design of Visual Interactive Systems: A Multi-Facet Methodology, CHI 2007 workshop, April 29, 200710 Info exchanged is the whole user systems: each expert can use, evaluate, and manipulate the user system and send it back to other designers SE HCI expertDomain expert Tools to communicate in the design team

11. HCI group MI-BS, Design of Visual Interactive Systems: A Multi-Facet Methodology, CHI 2007 workshop, April 29, 200711 Thanks Andrea Marcante CSLab, DICo, UniMI marcante@dico.unimi.it