2. Submarine Systems Design, Installation and Operations ESACC/Internet2 Techs Workshop Florida International University Miami, FL By Anthony Liguori February 3, 2003

3. EAC PC-1 PAC MAC AC-1 & AC-2 SAC NAC PEC GAL Presented By: Anthony Liguori Global Network Map

4. History Global Marine Systems - Formerly Cable & Wireless Global Marine Origins of Global Marine trace back over 150 years 1999 - Cable & Wireless Global Marine bought by Global Crossing Limited World’s largest subsea cable installation and maintenance contractor

6. History 1850 : First submarine telegraph cable laid (Dover - Calais) 1866 : First successful Trans-Atlantic telegraph submarine cable laid 1956 : First Trans-Atlantic analogue telephone cable laid 1962 : First Trans-Pacific analogue telephone cable laid 1988 : First Trans-Atlantic fibre optic cable laid

7. World Cables - 1963

8. World Cables - 1999

9. Desk Study Land site selection Fishing activity Oil exploration & production Sea bed conditions Environmental factors Permits & permissions Existing cables & pipelines

10. Multi-Beam Survey

11. Sub-Sea Make Up

13. Route Planning

14. Cable Installation

16. Seabed Slack Variables

18. Faults by Water Depth

19. Fishing Damage Cable System Maintenance

20. Cable Station / Field Operation Organization Cross Section of Cable Types

21. Branching Unit

22. Grapnel

34. Summary Slide “Submarine Systems Design, Installation and Operations” are interdependent and the long term profitability of the system is the direct result of the initial planning and the quality of installation.

35. The End