1. Extending KobrA methodology to support human-centered design
Jairson Vitorino
Centro de Informática - UFPE

2. Contents Human Computer Interface Design Human centered-design process
KobrA Method overview
KobrA Process and KobrA Artifacts
Extending KobrA to provide HCD features
Proposed experiments
Conclusions
Future Works

3. Human Computer Interface Design
Most software engineering methods do not include HCD guidelines
HCD provides:
Good user interface design
Usability and productivity

4. Human-centered design process

5. Human-centered design process phases
Planning
Usability planning and scoping; usability cost-benefit analysis
Context of use
Identify stakeholders; context of use analysis; survey of existing users; field study/user observation; diary keeping; task analysis
Requirements
Stakeholder analysis; user cost-benefit analysis; user requirements interview; focus groups; scenarios of use; existing system/ competitor analysis; task/function mapping; user, usability and organizational requirements
Design
Brainstorming; parallel design; design guidelines and standards; storyboarding; software prototyping; organizational prototyping
Evaluation
Participatory evaluation; assisted evaluation; heuristic or expert evaluation; controlled user testing; satisfaction questionnaires; assessing cognitive workload; critical incidents; post-experience interviews

6. KobrA method overview
KobrA – Komponentenbasierte Anwendungsentwicklung
Developed at Fraunhofer IESE
Integrates
Component based development (CBD)
Model-driven architecture (MDA)
Product-line approach

7. KobrA process
Komponents creation applied on a recursive fashion

8. KobrA artifacts

9. Extending KobrA to provide HCD features
Approaches have common features
HCD mapping into KobrA method
Three initial HCD phases map into KobrA context realization
Fourth HCD phase map into KobrA Komponent realization
Last HCD phase maps iton KobrA Komponent specification

10. HCD
KobrA
Planning
Context Realization: Usability planning and scoping; usability cost-benefit analysis
Context of use
Context Realization: Context of use Analysis; survey of existing users; field study/user observation OR Task analysis
Requirements
Context Realization: Focus groups; existing system/ competitor analysis; task/function mapping; user, usability and organizational requirements
Design
Komponent Realization: Brainstorming; design guidelines and standards; storyboarding; software prototyping
Evaluation
Komponent Implementation: Participatory Evaluation; assisted evaluation; heuristic or expert evaluation; controlled user testing; satisfaction questionnaires

11. Proposed Experiments
Goal: validate Kobra enhanced version via a controlled experiment
two software development teams will be assigned to develop two identical modules of a system
Case study comparison: pure KobrA approach X human-centered design enhanced KobrA version
Evaluate time elapsed
Field survey with users to measure system usability

12. Conclusions Proposal KobrA and HCD Trade-off between cost and quality
Integrate software development methods with a human-centered design process
KobrA and HCD
approaches are complementary
Trade-off between cost and quality
Consider number of users and profile
Better user experience keep a software product market share

13. Future work
In software Engineering: Investigate Object Constraint Language (OCL) to map it into constraint logic programs
Applications: component certification, consistency checking, component assertion, component testing.

14. Extending KobrA methodology to support human-centered design
Jairson Vitorino
Centro de Informática - UFPE