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1 Presupposition and entailment Pertemuan 3 Matakuliah: G1042/Pragmatics Tahun: 2006.

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Presentation on theme: "1 Presupposition and entailment Pertemuan 3 Matakuliah: G1042/Pragmatics Tahun: 2006."— Presentation transcript:

1 1 Presupposition and entailment Pertemuan 3 Matakuliah: G1042/Pragmatics Tahun: 2006

2 2 Learning Outcomes Mahasiswa dapat menggunakan presupposition untuk menganalisa terjadinya kesalahan dalam percakapan (C3)

3 3 Materi Outline Presupposition Types of pre- supposition

4 4 3.1 Pre-supposition (1) Definition: –What a speaker or writer assumes that the receiver of the message already knows (Richards, 1992) –Something the speaker assumes to be the case prior to making an utterance. SPEAKERS NOT SENTENCES have presupposition (Yule, 1996)

5 5 3.1 Presupposition (2) Example Speaker A: What about inviting Simon tonight? Speaker B: What a good idea; then he can give Monica a lift Here, the presupposition are, amongst others, that speakers A and B know who Simon and Monica are, that Simon has a vehicle, most probably a car, and that Monica has no vehicle at the moment. (Richards., 1992)

6 Yule, 19956 3.1 Presupposition (3) Relationship –Mary’s dog is cute (=p) –Mary has a dog (=q) Proposition p presupposes proposition q P>>q –Mary’s dog isn’t cute (=p) –Mary has a dog (=q) P>>q

7 7 2. Types of presuppositions (1) Factive presupposition Lexical presupposition Structural presupposition Factive presupposition Presuppositions following a verb like ‘know, realize, regret, odd’ are considered to be ‘facts’

8 8 3. Types of presuppostion (2) Lexical presupposition Associated with the use of certain words and phrases Manage, stop, start, again E.g. He stopped smoking >> He used to smoke.

9 9 3. Presupposition (3) Structural presupposition - using structure to indicate the presupposition E.g. When did he leave >> He left.


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