1. Guided Conversational Agents and Knowledge Trees for Natural Language Interfaces to Relational Databases Mr. Majdi Owda, Dr. Zuhair Bandar, Dr. Keeley Crockett The Intelligent Systems Group, Department of Computing and Mathematics, Manchester Metropolitan University.

2. Background to Research Databases –Hierarchal Databases –Relational Databases * –Object Oriented Databases Artificial Intelligence –Knowledge Representation Knowledge Trees * –Expert Systems –Natural Language Processing Conversational Agents * –Machine Learning Human-Computer Interaction –Natural Language Interfaces *

5. Introduction –Natural Language Interfaces to Databases –Guided Conversational Agents –Knowledge Trees Proposed Framework Developed Prototype Conclusions and Future Work Q/A

6. Contents Introduction –Natural Language Interfaces to Databases –Guided Conversational Agents –Knowledge Trees Proposed Framework Developed Prototype Conclusions and Future Work Q/A

7. Natural Language Interfaces to Databases Where the Complexity comes from !! Past Approaches –Pattern-Matching –Intermediate Language –Syntax-Based Family –Semantic-Grammar The Problem: Creating Reliable Natural Language Interfaces to Relational Databases.

8. Contents Introduction –Natural Language Interfaces to Databases –Guided Conversational Agents –Knowledge Trees Proposed Framework Developed Prototype Conclusions and Future Work Q/A

9. Guided Conversation Agents Alan Turing (Turing Test) 1950 Joseph Weizenbaum (Eliza) 1960s Colboy (Parry) late 1960s Wallace (Alice) 2000 MMU (InfoChat-Adam) 2001 Idea: use a guided conversational agent for NLIDBs. Algorithm: having a guided conversational agent component trained to converse within a database domain knowledge.

10. Guided Conversation Agents – Why InfoChat Autonomous general purpose CA Deals set of contexts Direct the users towards a goal Flexible and robust Converse freely within a specific domain Extract, manipulate, and store information

11. Contents Introduction –Natural Language Interfaces to Databases –Guided Conversational Agents –Knowledge Trees Proposed Framework Developed Prototype Conclusions and Future Work Q/A

12. Knowledge Trees Idea: using knowledge trees for NLIDBs. Algorithm: having knowledge trees component within the new framework. Direction Node Goal Node

13. Knowledge Trees Benefits Easy way to revise and maintain the knowledge base Overcome the lacking of connectivity between CA and the Relational Database Road map for the conversational agent dialogue flow Direct the conversational agent towards the goal.

14. Contents Introduction –Natural Language Interfaces to Databases –Guided Conversational Agents –Knowledge Trees Proposed Framework Developed Prototype Conclusions and Future Work Q/A

15. Conversation-Based NLI-RDB Framework Main components –Conversational Agents –Knowledge Trees –Conversation Manager –Relational Database Relational Database Knowledge Tree SQL statements Context Script files Conversational Agent Rule Matching Conversation Manager Context Switching & Manage Agent Response Response Generation User Query Information Extraction

16. Contents Introduction –Natural Language Interfaces to Databases –Guided Conversational Agents –Knowledge Trees Proposed Framework Developed Prototype Conclusions and Future Work Q/A

17. Conversation-Based NLI-RDB Prototype Tools

18. Conversation-Based NLI-RDB Interface

20. Contents Introduction –Natural Language Interfaces to Databases –Guided Conversational Agents –Knowledge Trees Proposed Framework Developed Prototype Conclusions and Future Work Q/A

21. Conclusions Easy and flexible way in order to develop a Conversation-Based NLI-RDB General purpose framework which can be applied to a wide range of domains Utilizing dialogue interaction Knowledge trees are easy to create, structure, update, revise, and maintain Capability of handling simple and complex queries

22. Current & Future Work Idea: There is still big room to do further research. An adaptive conversation-based NLIDB Dynamic knowledge trees

23. Special thanks “ MMU Research Team ” Dr. Keeley Crockett Mr James O ’ Shea Dr. Zuhair Bandar Dr. David Mclean

24. Questions m.owda@mmu.ac.uk