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HISTORY OF NEPAL Mrigesh Rajbhandari 500 B.C ~ 1972 A.D Presentation By.

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Presentation on theme: "HISTORY OF NEPAL Mrigesh Rajbhandari 500 B.C ~ 1972 A.D Presentation By."— Presentation transcript:

1 HISTORY OF NEPAL Mrigesh Rajbhandari 500 B.C ~ 1972 A.D Presentation By

2 The Kirat Region History in Nepal remains sketchy until the fifth century when the Licchavi rulers began to keep records. PREHISTORIC NEPAL Kathmandu Valley

3 Civilization And Culture Of Kiratas (800 B.C.-300 A.D.)

4 c.563 B.C. -Birth Of Lord Buddha at Lumbini Palace For the next few centuries, Buddhism spread throughout Nepal. (Old monuments of Palace at Lumbini )

5 Tentative Licchavi Periodization Early Licchavi 330~550 Mid Licchavi 550~720 Late Licchavi 725~880

6 Mana Deva Shiva Deva Amsuverma Hieun-Tseng Successor of Amsuverma Narendra Deva Shiva Deva II Jaya Deva II Aramudi The Lichchhavi Period

7 Earliest surviving record from the Licchavis. Most of the Licchavi records are reports of religious donations to mainly Hindu temples and the language of the records is Sanskrit. Nepali Language has been evolved from Sanskrit 7th century - Interruption In the Kingdom 750 – The fall of Licchavis

8 Kingdom of the Licchavis, founded sometime late in the forth century male figure, standing ca. 1st-3rd century C.E "Siva and Parvati Set" ca. 5th-6th century stone

9 CIVILIZATION AND CULTURE OF THE LICHCHHAVIS Administration Foreign Policy Social Condition Economic Condition Judicial System Religion Literature 'Golden Age'

10 The Thakuri Dynastey GUNAKAMA DEV SURYABANSI ( SOLAR DYNASTY ) RAJPUT KINGS Shivadeva III

11 Malla Period (1200 - 1769 AD) Jayasthiti Malla (1354-1395) Pratap Malla Jaya Prakash Malla Ranjit Malla

12 879 –1178 : Newar Era 1178 – 1185 – Rule of Somesvaradeva. Middle Period 1200 – 1216 – Rule of Arimalla. 1345 – 1346- Raid From the South 1382 – 1395 – Rule of Jayasthitimalla 1428 – 1482 – Rule of Yakshamalla

13 1482 – Nepal was split into three kingdoms Kathmandu Bhaktapur Patan

14 Malla Palaces at Durbar Square at Kathmandu

15 Malla Palaces at Durbar Square at Patan

16 Malla Palaces at Durbar Square at Bhaktapur

17 TABLE OF THE EVOLUTION OF CERTAIN GUPTA CHARACTERS USED IN NEPALESE INSCRIPTIONS, A.D. 464 through 733

18 The lower half of a stone slab, 33 cm. wide, north of the Maheśvarí pīṭha, embedded at the eastern side of a former city gate emplacement on the southern perimeter of the city of Bhaktapur (Fig.4). The broken top of the stele is missing, Date : Saṃvat 31 (A.D. 607). Translation [We shall never excuse him]1 who disobeys this order which is a legal edíct. Future kings [also] must give importance to dharma and do as the honorable ones [former kings] have ordered. This is the direct order of His Majesty. Here his envoy is Rājaputra Sthitivarmā. Saṃvat 31, second pauṣa śukla aṣṭamī [eighth day of the bright half of of the repeated month of Pauṣa].

19 Early Manuscripts

20 A Newari Mandala From 900 A.D.

21 Stone Sculptures From The Malla Dynasty

22 stone sculpture of Lord Vishnu

23 c.1847 - 1923 Flag of the Kings c.1847 - 1923 Flag of the Rana's 1923 - 12 Dec 1962 Adopted 12 Dec 1962

24 MODERN PERIOD Shah Dynasty, Unification of Nepal THE MAKING OF MODERN NEPAL Gorkha Kingdom

25 Prithvi Narayan Shah The Great (reigned 1743-75), Conquest of Bhaktapur Conquest of Patan Conquest of Kathmandu

26 KING PRATAP SINGH SHAH KING RANA BAHADUR SHAH Struggle for Power RAJENDRA LAXMI BAHADUR SHAH KING RANA BAHADUR SHAH The Expansion of Nepal

27

28 1791-92 Nepal defeated in war with China

29 The Anglo-Nepalese War Preparation for War

30 (The British Army Each Year recruit thousands of Gorkhalis From Nepal to British Acadamys)

31 Battle of Khalanga Battle of Jaithak Battle of Parsa Battle of Geetjarh Battle of Gadwan Battle of Deuthal Nepal’s War with British

32 TREATY OF SUGAULI, 1815 (Current day Nepal after reduction of Nepal’s Boarder according to “Treaty Of Sugauli”)

33 BHIMSEN THAPA Nepal’s First Appointed Prime Minister REFORMS OF BHIMSEN THAPA FALL OF BHIMSEN THAPA

34 Sinha Pratap Shah Deva01.1775-12.1777 Rana Bahadur Shah Deva01.1778-1799 Girvan Yuddha Bikram Shah Deva03.1799-1804 Rana Bahadur Shah Deva (2nd time) 1804-1805

35 Girvan Yuddha Bikram Shah Deva (2nd time) 1805-20.11.1816 Rajendra Bikram Shah Deva12.1816-1847 Surendra Bikram Shah Deva 12.05.1847- 17.05.1881 Prithivi Bir Bikram Shah Deva (1875-1911) 17.05.1881- 11.12.1911

36 Kot Massacre Bhandarkhal Massacre The Alou Event King Surendra Bikram Shah Janga Bahadur Rana Second Nepal-Tibet War Terms of Thapathali treaty Reforms of Jang Bahadur Rana King Prithivi Bir Bikram Shah Rana Uddip Singh Dhir Sumsher Bir Sumsher Deva Sumsher Chandra Sumsher Rise of Ranas (Dark Age)

37 Balkrishna Sama’s hypothetical painting of all nine Rana prime ministers

38 The gilded copper Sun Dhoka gate, built in 1753, in Durbar Square, at the medieval city of Bhaktapur. The gate, which is the entrance to the main courtyard palace and the Taleju Bhavani Temple, is flanked by a small shrine of the Rana period. Hanuman Dhoka Palace, the old royal palace, Kathmandu

39 Tribhuvana Bir Bikram Shah Deva (2nd time) 07.01.1951- 13.03.1955

40 King Tribhuvan Bir Bikram Shah's Ascend to throne Bhim Shumsher Reforms of Bhim Shumsher Juddha Shumsher Juddha Shumsher and the second world war The beginning of revolution against the Ranas : Reforms of Juddha Shumsher Padma Shumsher Political agitations during Padma Shumsher's rule Reforms of Padma Shumsher Mohan Shumsher Arya samaj The Gorkha League Nagarik Adhikar Samiti: Praja parisad: The Nepali congress : The Biratnagar hartal : The Jogbani conference : Jayantu Sanskritum The Nepali Praja Panchayat : The Bairagania Resolution: Leaving the palace by king Tribhuvan: The armed revolution: The Delhi agreement: King Tribhuwan and Fall of Rana

41 Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah Deva (1920-1972) 14.03.1955- 31.01.1972

42 King Mahendra's early life Political situation Political reforms Tank Prasad Acharya's Ministry Dr.k.i. Singh's Ministry The united front Ministry Constitution of the kingdom of Nepal,1959 First general election Bishweswar prasad Koirala's Ministery Introduction of the Panchayat system Administrative reforms Economic reforms Social reforms Foreign policy King Mahendra

43 Bibliography http://www.countryreports.org/history/nepahist.htm http://www.nepalhomepage.com/general/history.html http://internet.cybermesa.com/~rotto/history.html http://www.thamel.com/htms/history.htm http://en2.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Nepal http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/world/A0859925.html

44 The End


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